ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
We solve Diophantine equations of the type $ , a , (x^3 + y^3 + z^3 ) = (x + y + z)^3$, where $x,y,z$ are integer variables, and the coefficient $a eq 0$ is rational. We show that there are infinite families of such equations, including those where $a$ is any ratio of cubes or certain rational fractions, that have nontrivial solutions. There are also infinite families of equations that do not have any nontrivial solution, including those where $1/a = 1 - 24/m$ with certain restrictions on the integer $m$. The equations can be represented by elliptic curves unless $a = 9$ or 1. If $a$ is an integer and two variables are equal and nonzero, there exist nontrivial solutions only for $a=4$ or 9; there are no solutions for $a = 4$ when $xyz eq 0$. Without imposing constraints on the variables, we find the general solution for $a = 9$, which depends on two integer parameters. These cubic equations are important in particle physics, because they determine the fermion charges under the $U(1)$ gauge group.
In this paper, we consider the problem about finding out perfect powers in an alternating sum of consecutive cubes. More precisely, we completely solve the Diophantine equation $(x+1)^3 - (x+2)^3 + cdots - (x + 2d)^3 + (x + 2d + 1)^3 = z^p$, where $p
Divisor functions have attracted the attention of number theorists from Dirichlet to the present day. Here we consider associated divisor functions $c_j^{(r)}(n)$ which for non-negative integers $j, r$ count the number of ways of representing $n$ as
Let $gcd(k,j)$ denote the greatest common divisor of the integers $k$ and $j$, and let $r$ be any fixed positive integer. Define $$ M_r(x; f) := sum_{kleq x}frac{1}{k^{r+1}}sum_{j=1}^{k}j^{r}f(gcd(j,k)) $$ for any large real number $xgeq 5$, where $f
We investigate various questions concerning the reciprocal sum of divisors, or prime divisors, of the Mersenne numbers $2^n-1$. Conditional on the Elliott-Halberstam Conjecture and the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, we determine $max_{nle x} sum_{p
For $ Esubset mathbb{F}_q^d$, let $Delta(E)$ denote the distance set determined by pairs of points in $E$. By using additive energies of sets on a paraboloid, Koh, Pham, Shen, and Vinh (2020) proved that if $E,Fsubset mathbb{F}_q^d $ are subsets with