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We present a method to identify distinct tunneling modes in tunable superconducting tunnel junction composed of superconducting tip and sample in scanning tunneling microscope. Combining the measurement of the relative decay constant of tunneling current extracted from I-V-z spectroscopy with its statistical analysis over the atomic disorders in the sample surface, we identified the crossover of tunneling modes between single quasiparticle tunneling, multiple Andreev reflection, and Josephson tunneling with respect to the bias voltage. The method enables one to determine the particular tunneling regime independently of the spectral shapes, and to reveal the intrinsic modulation of Andreev reflection and Josephson current that would be crucial for quantum device application of superconductors.
We present microwave measurements of a high quality factor superconducting resonator incorporating two aluminum nanobridge Josephson junctions in a loop shunted by an on-chip capacitor. Trapped quasiparticles (QPs) shift the resonant frequency, allow
In this paper we present scanning tunneling microscopy of a large $textrm{Bi}_2textrm{Se}_3$ crystal with superconducting PbBi islands deposited on the surface. Local density of states measurements are consistent with induced superconductivity in the
Fourier transformation of atomically resolved STM topography of $(LaSe)_{1.14}(NbSe_2)$ revealed a surface modulation along the hexagonal surface lattice of $NbSe_2$ layer, but with a two times larger period. We compare it to the modified charge density wave found on plain $NbSe_2$ under strain.
We present very low temperature (0.15 K) scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy experiments in the layered superconductor LaSb$_2$. We obtain topographic microscopy images with surfaces showing hexagonal and square atomic size patterns, and o
We consider the problem of local tunneling into cuprate superconductors, combining model based calculations for the superconducting order parameter with wavefunction information obtained from first principles electronic structure. For some time it ha