ترغب بنشر مسار تعليمي؟ اضغط هنا

Biorthogonal quantum criticality in non-Hermitian many-body systems

208   0   0.0 ( 0 )
 نشر من قبل Gaoyong Sun
 تاريخ النشر 2020
  مجال البحث فيزياء
والبحث باللغة English




اسأل ChatGPT حول البحث

We develop the perturbation theory of the fidelity susceptibility in biorthogonal bases for arbitrary interacting non-Hermitian many-body systems with real eigenvalues. The quantum criticality in the non-Hermitian transverse field Ising chain is investigated by the second derivative of ground-state energy and the ground-state fidelity susceptibility. We show that the system undergoes a second-order phase transition with the Ising universal class by numerically computing the critical points and the critical exponents from the finite-size scaling theory. Interestingly, our results indicate that the biorthogonal quantum phase transitions are described by the biorthogonal fidelity susceptibility instead of the conventional fidelity susceptibility.

قيم البحث

اقرأ أيضاً

363 - Thomas Vojta 2018
Impurities, defects, and other types of imperfections are ubiquitous in realistic quantum many-body systems and essentially unavoidable in solid state materials. Often, such random disorder is viewed purely negatively as it is believed to prevent int eresting new quantum states of matter from forming and to smear out sharp features associated with the phase transitions between them. However, disorder is also responsible for a variety of interesting novel phenomena that do not have clean counterparts. These include Anderson localization of single particle wave functions, many-body localization in isolated many-body systems, exotic quantum critical points, and glassy ground state phases. This brief review focuses on two separate but related subtopics in this field. First, we review under what conditions different types of randomness affect the stability of symmetry-broken low-temperature phases in quantum many-body systems and the stability of the corresponding phase transitions. Second, we discuss the fate of quantum phase transitions that are destabilized by disorder as well as the unconventional quantum Griffiths phases that emerge in their vicinity.
Landaus spontaneous symmetry breaking theory is a fundamental theory that describes the collective behaviors in many-body systems. It was well known that for usual spontaneous symmetry breaking in Hermitian systems, the order-disorder phase transitio n with gap closing and spontaneous symmetry breaking occur at the same critical point. In this paper, we generalized the Landaus spontaneous symmetry breaking theory to the cases in non-Hermitian (NH) many-body systems with biorthogonal Z2 symmetry and tried to discover certain universal features. We were surprised to find that the effect of the NH terms splits the spontaneous biorthogonal Z2 symmetry breaking from a (biorthogonal) order-disorder phase transition with gap closing. The sudden change of similarity for two degenerate ground states indicates a new type of quantum phase transition without gap closing accompanied by spontaneous biorthogonal Z2 symmetry breaking. We will take the NH transverse Ising model as an example to investigate the anomalous spontaneous symmetry breaking. The numerical results were consistent with the theoretical predictions.
Quantum phase transitions are a ubiquitous many-body phenomenon that occurs in a wide range of physical systems, including superconductors, quantum spin liquids, and topological materials. However, investigations of quantum critical systems also repr esent one of the most challenging problems in physics, since highly correlated many-body systems rarely allow for an analytic and tractable description. Here we present a Lee-Yang theory of quantum phase transitions including a method to determine quantum critical points which readily can be implemented within the tensor network formalism and even in realistic experimental setups. We apply our method to a quantum Ising chain and the anisotropic quantum Heisenberg model and show how the critical behavior can be predicted by calculating or measuring the high cumulants of properly defined operators. Our approach provides a powerful formalism to analyze quantum phase transitions using tensor networks, and it paves the way for systematic investigations of quantum criticality in two-dimensional systems.
Characterizing states of matter through the lens of their ergodic properties is a fascinating new direction of research. In the quantum realm, the many-body localization (MBL) was proposed to be the paradigmatic ergodicity breaking phenomenon, which extends the concept of Anderson localization to interacting systems. At the same time, random matrix theory has established a powerful framework for characterizing the onset of quantum chaos and ergodicity (or the absence thereof) in quantum many-body systems. Here we numerically study the spectral statistics of disordered interacting spin chains, which represent prototype models expected to exhibit MBL. We study the ergodicity indicator $g=log_{10}(t_{rm H}/t_{rm Th})$, which is defined through the ratio of two characteristic many-body time scales, the Thouless time $t_{rm Th}$ and the Heisenberg time $t_{rm H}$, and hence resembles the logarithm of the dimensionless conductance introduced in the context of Anderson localization. We argue that the ergodicity breaking transition in interacting spin chains occurs when both time scales are of the same order, $t_{rm Th} approx t_{rm H}$, and $g$ becomes a system-size independent constant. Hence, the ergodicity breaking transition in many-body systems carries certain analogies with the Anderson localization transition. Intriguingly, using a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless correlation length we observe a scaling solution of $g$ across the transition, which allows for detection of the crossing point in finite systems. We discuss the observation that scaled results in finite systems by increasing the system size exhibit a flow towards the quantum chaotic regime.
We show that the magnetization of a single `qubit spin weakly coupled to an otherwise isolated disordered spin chain exhibits periodic revivals in the localized regime, and retains an imprint of its initial magnetization at infinite time. We demonstr ate that the revival rate is strongly suppressed upon adding interactions after a time scale corresponding to the onset of the dephasing that distinguishes many-body localized phases from Anderson insulators. In contrast, the ergodic phase acts as a bath for the qubit, with no revivals visible on the time scales studied. The suppression of quantum revivals of local observables provides a quantitative, experimentally observable alternative to entanglement growth as a measure of the `non-ergodic but dephasing nature of many-body localized systems.
التعليقات
جاري جلب التعليقات جاري جلب التعليقات
سجل دخول لتتمكن من متابعة معايير البحث التي قمت باختيارها
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا