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The cumulant ratios up to fourth order of the $Z$ distributions of the largest fragment in spectator fragmentation following $^{107,124}$Sn+Sn and $^{124}$La+Sn collisions at 600 MeV/nucleon have been investigated. They are found to exhibit the signatures of a second-order phase transition established with cubic bond percolation and previously observed in the ALADIN experimental data for fragmentation of $^{197}$Au projectiles at similar energies. The deduced pseudocritical points are found to be only weakly dependent on the $A/Z$ ratio of the fragmenting spectator source. The same holds for the corresponding chemical freeze-out temperatures of close to 6 MeV. The experimental cumulant distributions are quantitatively reproduced with the Statistical Multifragmentation Model and parameters used to describe the experimental fragment multiplicities, isotope distributions and their correlations with impact-parameter related observables in these reactions. The characteristic coincidence of the zero transition of the skewness with the minimum of the kurtosis excess appears to be a generic property of statistical models and is found to coincide with the maximum of the heat capacity in the canonical thermodynamic fragmentation model.
A systematic analysis of the moments of the fragment size distribution has been carried out for the multifragmentation (MF)of 1A GeV Au, La, and Kr on carbon. The breakup of Au and La is consistent with a continuous thermal phase transition. The data
Recent important progress on the knowledge of multifragmentation and phase transition for hot nuclei, thanks to the high detection quality of the INDRA array, is reported. It concerns i) the radial collective energies involved in hot fragmenting nucl
This review article is focused on the tremendous progress realized during the last fifteen years in the understanding of multifragmentation and its relationship to the liquid-gas phase diagram of nuclei and nuclear matter. The explosion of the whole
Recent advancement on the knowledge of multifragmentation and phase transition for hot nuclei is reported. It concerns i) the influence of radial collective energy on fragment partitions and the derivation of general properties of partitions in prese
A phase transition signature associated with cumulants of the largest fragment size distribution has been identified in statistical multifragmentation models and examined in analysis of the ALADIN S254 data on fragmentation of neutron-poor and neutro