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Whether it be physical, biological or social processes, complex systems exhibit dynamics that are exceedingly difficult to understand or predict from underlying principles. Here we report a striking correspondence between the collective excitation dynamics of a laser driven ultracold gas of Rydberg atoms and the spreading of diseases, which in turn opens up a highly controllable experimental platform for studying non-equilibrium dynamics on complex networks. We find that the competition between facilitated excitation and spontaneous decay results in a fast growth of the number of excitations that follows a characteristic sub-exponential time dependence which is empirically observed as a key feature of real epidemics. Based on this we develop a quantitative microscopic susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model which links the growth and final excitation density to the dynamics of an emergent heterogeneous network and rare active region effects associated to an extended Griffiths phase. This provides physical insights into the nature of non-equilibrium criticality in driven many-body systems and the mechanisms leading to non-universal power-laws in the dynamics of complex systems.
Atomic nuclei can be spontaneously deformed into non-spherical shapes as many-nucleon systems. We discuss to what extent a similar deformation takes place in many-electron systems. To this end, we employ several many-body methods, such as the unrestr
Genetic regulation is a key component in development, but a clear understanding of the structure and dynamics of genetic networks is not yet at hand. In this paper we investigate these properties within an artificial genome model originally introduce
We establish a localization phase diagram for light in a random three-dimensional (3D) ensemble of motionless two-level atoms with a three-fold degenerate upper level, in a strong static magnetic field. Localized modes appear in a narrow spectral ban
We study the single-particle properties of a system formed by ultracold atoms loaded into the manifold of $l=1$ Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) states of an optical lattice with a diamond chain geometry. Through a series of successive basis rotations,
In contrast to software simulations of neural networks, hardware or neuromorphic implementations have often limited or no tunability. While such networks promise great improvements in terms of speed and energy efficiency, their performance is limited