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A set $D$ of vertices of a graph $G$ is a total dominating set if every vertex of $G$ is adjacent to at least one vertex of $D$. The total domination number of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of any total dominating set of $G$ and is denoted by $gamma_t(G)$. The total dominating set $D$ is called a total co-independent dominating set if $V(G)setminus D$ is an independent set and has at least one vertex. The minimum cardinality of any total co-independent dominating set is denoted by $gamma_{t,coi}(G)$. In this paper, we show that, for any tree $T$ of order $n$ and diameter at least three, $n-beta(T)leq gamma_{t,coi}(T)leq n-|L(T)|$ where $beta(T)$ is the maximum cardinality of any independent set and $L(T)$ is the set of leaves of $T$. We also characterize the families of trees attaining the extremal bounds above and show that the differences between the value of $gamma_{t,coi}(T)$ and these bounds can be arbitrarily large for some classes of trees.
For a graph $G=(V,E)$, we call a subset $ Ssubseteq V cup E$ a total mixed dominating set of $G$ if each element of $V cup E$ is either adjacent or incident to an element of $S$, and the total mixed domination number $gamma_{tm}(G)$ of $G$ is the min
Given a graph $G$, a dominating set of $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices such that each vertex not in $S$ has a neighbor in $S$. The domination number of $G$, denoted $gamma(G)$, is the minimum size of a dominating set of $G$. The independent domination n
Let $ G $ be a graph. A subset $S subseteq V(G) $ is called a total dominating set if every vertex of $G$ is adjacent to at least one vertex of $S$. The total domination number, $gamma_{t}$($G$), is the minimum cardinality of a total dominating set o
Let $G=(V(G), E(G))$ be a multigraph with maximum degree $Delta(G)$, chromatic index $chi(G)$ and total chromatic number $chi(G)$. The Total Coloring conjecture proposed by Behzad and Vizing, independently, states that $chi(G)leq Delta(G)+mu(G) +1$ f
A $k$-tuple total dominating set ($k$TDS) of a graph $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices in which every vertex in $G$ is adjacent to at least $k$ vertices in $S$. The minimum size of a $k$TDS is called the $k$-tuple total dominating number and it is denoted