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Nonclassical steering with two-mode Gaussian states

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 نشر من قبل Massimo Frigerio
 تاريخ النشر 2020
  مجال البحث فيزياء
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Singularity or negativity of Glauber P-function is a widespread notion of nonclassicality, with important implications in quantum optics and with the character of an irreducible resource. Here we explore how P-nonclassicality may be generated by conditional Gaussian measurements on bipartite Gaussian states. This nonclassical steering may occur in a weak form, which does not imply entanglement, and in a strong form that implies EPR-steerability and thus entanglement. We show that field quadratures are the best measurements to remotely generate nonclassicality, and exploit this result to derive necessary and sufficient conditions for weak and strong nonclassical steering. For two-mode squeezed thermal states (TMST), weak and strong nonclassical steering coincide, and merge with the notion of EPR steering. This also provides a new operational interpretation for P-function nonclassicality as the distinctive feature that allows one-party entanglement verification on TMSTs.

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Nonclassicality according to the singularity or negativity of the Glauber P-function is a powerful resource in quantum information, with relevant implications in quantum optics. In a Gaussian setting, and for a system of two modes, we explore how P-n onclassicality may be conditionally generated or influenced on one mode by Gaussian measurements on the other mode. Starting from the class of two-mode squeezed thermal states (TMST), we introduce the notion of nonclassical steering (NS) and the graphical tool of Gaussian triangoloids. In particular, we derive a necessary and sufficient condition for a TMST to be nonclassically steerable, and show that entanglement is only necessary. We also apply our criterion to noisy propagation of a twin-beam state, and evaluate the time after which NS is no longer achievable. We then generalize the notion of NS to the full set of Gaussian states of two modes, and recognize that it may occur in a weak form, which does not imply entanglement, and in a strong form that implies EPR-steerability and, a fortiori, also entanglement. These two types of NS coincide exactly for TMSTs, and they merge with the previously known notion of EPR steering. By the same token, we recognize a new operational interpretation of P-nonclassicality: it is the distinctive property that allows one-party entanglement verification on TMSTs.
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