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We show that the problem of determining the genus of a knot in a fixed compact, orientable three-dimensional manifold lies in NP. This answers a question asked by Agol, Hass, and Thurston in 2002. Previously, this was known for rational homology three-spheres, by the work of the first author.
For a knot diagram we introduce an operation which does not increase the genus of the diagram and does not change its representing knot type. We also describe a condition for this operation to certainly decrease the genus. The proof involves the stud
We show the problem of counting homomorphisms from the fundamental group of a homology $3$-sphere $M$ to a finite, non-abelian simple group $G$ is #P-complete, in the case that $G$ is fixed and $M$ is the computational input. Similarly, deciding if t
In an earlier work, we introduced a family of t-modified knot Floer homologies, defined by modifying the construction of knot Floer homology HFK-minus. The resulting groups were then used to define concordance homomorphisms indexed by t in [0,2]. In
This survey focuses on the computational complexity of some of the fundamental decision problems in 3-manifold theory. The article discusses the wide variety of tools that are used to tackle these problems, including normal and almost surfaces, hiera
We prove foundational results about the set of homomorphisms from a finitely generated group to the collection of all fundamental groups of compact 3-manifolds and answer questions of Reid-Wang-Zhou and Agol-Liu.