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تسجيل مستخدم جديدDissipative Kerr Solitons in a III-V Microresonator
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We demonstrate stable microresonator Kerr soliton frequency combs in a III-V platform (AlGaAs on SiO$_2$) through quenching of thermorefractive effects by cryogenic cooling to temperatures between 4~K and 20~K. This cooling reduces the resonators thermorefractive coefficient, whose room-temperature value is an order of magnitude larger than that of other microcomb platforms like Si$_3$N$_4$, SiO$_2$, and AlN, by more than two orders of magnitude, and makes soliton states adiabatically accessible. Realizing such phase-stable soliton operation is critical for applications that fully exploit the ultra-high effective nonlinearity and high optical quality factors exhibited by this platform.
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This chapter describes the discovery and stable generation of temporal dissipative Kerr solitons in continuous-wave (CW) laser driven optical microresonators. The experimental signatures as well as the temporal and spectral characteristics of this cl
ass of bright solitons are discussed. Moreover, analytical and numerical descriptions are presented that do not only reproduce qualitative features but can also be used to accurately model and predict the characteristics of experimental systems. Particular emphasis lies on temporal dissipative Kerr solitons with regard to optical frequency comb generation where they are of particular importance. Here, one example is spectral broadening and self-referencing enabled by the ultra-short pulsed nature of the solitons. Another example is dissipative Kerr soliton formation in integrated on-chip microresonators where the emission of a dispersive wave allows for the direct generation of unprecedentedly broadband and coherent soliton spectra with smooth spectral envelope.
Taking advantage of an extended Lugiato--Lefever equation with third-order dispersion, we numerically show that dark cavity solitons formed in normal dispersion of microresonators are capable of emitting dispersive waves in both normal and anomalous
dispersion regions, resembling the behavior of the commonly encountered bright cavity solitons. The generated dispersive waves can be accurately predicted by the dissipative radiation theory. In addition, we demonstrate the stability enhancement of Kerr frequency combs in normal dispersion regime in case the dispersive wave is emitted by dark solitons in presence of third-order dispersion.
In a traveling wave microresonator, the cascaded four-wave mixing between optical modes allows the generation of frequency combs, including the intriguing dissipative Kerr solitons (DKS). Here, we theoretically investigate the quantum fluctuations of
the comb and reveal the quantum feature of the soliton. It is demonstrated that the fluctuations of Kerr frequency comb lines are correlated, leading to multi-color continuous-variable entanglement. In particular, in the DKS state, the coherent comb lines stimulate photon-pair generation and also coherent photon conversion between all optical modes, and exhibit all-to-all connection of quantum entanglement. The broadband multi-color entanglement is not only universal, but also is robust against practical imperfections, such as extra optical loss or extraordinary frequency shift of a few modes. Our work reveals the prominent quantum nature of DKSs, which is of fundamental interest in quantum optics and also holds potential for quantum network and distributed quantum sensing applications.
Dissipative solitons are self-localised structures that can persist indefinitely in open systems characterised by continual exchange of energy and/or matter with the environment. They play a key role in photonics, underpinning technologies from mode-
locked lasers to microresonator optical frequency combs. Here we report on the first experimental observations of spontaneous symmetry breaking of dissipative optical solitons. Our experiments are performed in a passive, coherently driven nonlinear optical ring resonator, where dissipative solitons arise in the form of persisting pulses of light known as Kerr cavity solitons. We engineer balance between two orthogonal polarization modes of the resonator, and show that despite perfectly symmetric operating conditions, the solitons supported by the system can spontaneously break their symmetry, giving rise to two distinct but co-existing vectorial solitons with mirror-like, asymmetric polarization states. We also show that judiciously applied perturbations allow for deterministic switching between the two symmetry-broken dissipative soliton states, thus enabling all-optical manipulation of topological bit sequences. Our experimental observations are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations and theoretical analyses. Besides delivering fundamental insights at the intersection of multi-mode nonlinear optical resonators, dissipative structures, and spontaneous symmetry breaking, our work provides new avenues for the storage, coding, and manipulation of light.
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