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Net-proton number fluctuations and the Quantum Chromodynamics critical point

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 نشر من قبل Bedangadas Mohanty Dr.
 تاريخ النشر 2020
  مجال البحث
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Observations from collisions of heavy-ion at relativistic energies have established the formation of a new phase of matter, Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), a deconfined state of quarks and gluons in a specific region of the temperature versus baryonic chemical potential phase diagram of strong interactions. A program to study the features of the phase diagram, such as a possible critical point, by varying the collision energy ($sqrt{s_{rm NN}}$), is performed at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) facility. Non-monotonic variation with $sqrt{s_{rm NN}}$ of moments of the net-baryon number distribution, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of the system, is suggested as a signature for a critical point. We report the first evidence of a non-monotonic variation in kurtosis $times$ variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of $sqrt{s_{rm NN}}$ with 3.1$sigma$ significance, for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured using the STAR detector at RHIC. Non-central Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of $sqrt{s_{rm NN}}$.



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