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These notes were originally developed as lecture notes for a category theory course. They should be well-suited to anyone that wants to learn category theory from scratch and has a scientific mind. There is no need to know advanced mathematics, nor any of the disciplines where category theory is traditionally applied, such as algebraic geometry or theoretical computer science. The only knowledge that is assumed from the reader is linear algebra. All concepts are explained by giving concrete examples from different, non-specialized areas of mathematics (such as basic group theory, graph theory, and probability). Not every example is helpful for every reader, but hopefully every reader can find at least one helpful example per concept. The reader is encouraged to read all the examples, this way they may even learn something new about a different field. Particular emphasis is given to the Yoneda lemma and its significance, with both intuitive explanations, detailed proofs, and specific examples. Another common theme in these notes is the relationship between categories and directed multigraphs, which is treated in detail. From the applied point of view, this shows why categorical thinking can help whenever some process is taking place on a graph. From the pure math point of view, this can be seen as the 1-dimensional first step into the theory of simplicial sets. Finally, monads and comonads are treated on an equal footing, differently to most literature in which comonads are often overlooked as just the dual to monads. Theorems, interpretations and concrete examples are given for monads as well as for comonads.
These are notes on discrete mathematics for computer scientists. The presentation is somewhat unconventional. Indeed I begin with a discussion of the basic rules of mathematical reasoning and of the notion of proof formalized in a natural deduction s
In The factorization of the Giry monad (arXiv:1707.00488v2) the author asserts that the category of convex spaces is equivalent to the category of Eilenberg-Moore algebras over the Giry monad. Some of the statements employed in the proof of this clai
Univalence was first defined in the setting of homotopy type theory by Voevodsky, who also (along with Kapulkin and Lumsdaine) adapted it to a model categorical setting, which was subsequently generalized to locally Cartesian closed presentable $inft
We study properties of the category of modules of an algebra object A in a tensor category C. We show that the module category inherits various structures from C, provided that A is a Frobenius algebra with certain additional properties. As a by-prod
Every ring extension of $A$ by $R$ induces a pair of group homomorphisms $mathcal{L}^{*}:Rto End_Z(A)/L(A);mathcal{R}^{*}:Rto End_Z(A)/R(A),$ preserving multiplication, satisfying some certain conditions. A such 4-tuple $(R,A,mathcal{L}^{*},mathcal{R