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What values of the Standard Model hypercharges result in a mathematically consistent quantum field theory? We show that the constraints imposed by the lack of gauge anomalies can be recast as the equation x^3 + y^3 = z^3. If hypercharge is quantised, then x, y and z must be integers. The trivial (and only) solutions, with x=0 or y=0, reproduce the hypercharge assignments seen in Nature. This argument does not rely on the mixed gauge-gravitational anomaly, which is automatically vanishing if hypercharge is quantised and the gauge anomalies vanish.
Even though flt is a number theoretic result we prove that the result depends on the topological as well as the field structure of the underlying space.
Considering $mathbb{Z}_n$ the ring of integers modulo $n$, the classical Fermat-Euler theorem establishes the existence of a specific natural number $varphi(n)$ satisfying the following property: $ x^{varphi(n)}=1%hspace{1.0cm}text{for all}hspace{0.2
The embedding of the SM hypercharge into an orientifold gauge group is studied. Possible embeddings are classified, and a systematic construction of bottom-up configurations and top-down orientifold vacua is achieved, solving the tadpole conditions i
We perform the quantisation of antisymmetric tensor-spinors (fermionic $p$-forms) $psi^alpha_{mu_1 dots mu_p}$ using the Batalin-Vilkovisky field-antifield formalism. Just as for the gravitino ($p=1$), an extra propagating Nielsen-Kallosh ghost appea
We consider brane world models with one extra dimension. In the bulk there is in addition to gravity a three form gauge potential or equivalently a scalar (by generalisation of electric magnetic duality). We find classical solutions for which the 4d