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Treatment of lab-grown diamond by electron irradiation and annealing has enabled quantum sensors based on negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV$^text{-}$) centers to demonstrate record sensitivities. cite{Clevenson2015,Wolf2015,Barry2016,Chatzidrosos2017}. Here we investigate the irradiation and annealing process applied to 28 diamond samples using a new ambient-temperature, all-optical approach. As the presence of the neutrally-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV$^text{0}$) center is deleterious to sensor performance, this photoluminescence decomposition analysis (PDA) is first employed to determine the concentration ratio of NV$^text{-}$ to NV$^0$ in diamond samples from the measured photoluminescence spectrum. The analysis hinges on (i) isolating each NV charge states emission spectrum and (ii) measuring the NV$^text{-}$ to NV$^0$ emission ratio, which is found to be 2.5$pm$0.5 under low-intensity 532 nm illumination. Using the PDA method, we measure the effects of irradiation and annealing on conversion of substitutional nitrogen to NV centers. Combining these measurements with a phenomenological model for diamond irradiation and annealing, we extract an estimated monovacancy creation rate of $0.52pm 0.26$ cm$^{text{-1}}$ for 1 MeV electron irradiation and an estimated monovacancy diffusion coefficient of 1.8 nm$^2$/s at 850~$^circ$C. Finally we find that irradiation doses $gtrsim 10^{18}$ e$^text{-}$/cm$^2$ deteriorate the NV$^text{-}$ decoherence time $T_2$ whereas $T_1$ is unaffected up to the the maximum investigated dose of $5times 10^{18}$ e$^text{-}$/cm$^2$.
Using pulsed photoionization the coherent spin manipulation and echo formation of ensembles of NV- centers in diamond are detected electrically realizing contrasts of up to 17 %. The underlying spin-dependent ionization dynamics are investigated expe
We investigate the magnetic field dependent photo-physics of individual Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond under cryogenic conditions. At distinct magnetic fields, we observe significant reductions in the NV photoluminescence rate, which
We present an enhancement of spin properties of the shallow (<5nm) NV centers by using ALD to deposit titanium oxide layer on the diamond surface. With the oxide layer of an appropriate thickness, increases about 2 up to 3.5 times of both relaxation
We demonstrate electrical detection of the $^{14}$N nuclear spin coherence of NV centers at room temperature. Nuclear spins are candidates for quantum memories in quantum-information devices and quantum sensors, and hence the electrical detection of
A single Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) center hosted in a diamond nanocrystal is positioned at the extremity of a SiC nanowire. This novel hybrid system couples the degrees of freedom of two radically different systems, i.e. a nanomechanical oscillator and a