We review recent developments on the role of neutrino mixing in the inverse beta decay of accelerated protons. We show that calculations in the inertial and comoving frames agree (thus preserving General Covariance) only when taking neutrino asymptotic states to be flavor (rather than mass) eigenstates. Our conclusions are valid in the approximation in which Pontecorvo states are correctly representing neutrino flavor states. We speculate about the general case involving exact flavor states and finally comment on other approaches recently appeared in literature.
In the inverse seesaw extension of the standard model, supersymmetric or non-supersymmetric, while the light left-handed neutrinos are Majorana, the heavy right-handed neutrinos are pseudo-Dirac fermions. We show how one of these latter category of p
articles can contribute quite significantly to neutrinoless double beta decay. The neutrino virtuality momentum is found to play a crucial role in the non-standard contributions leading to the prediction of the pseudo-Dirac fermion mass in the range of $120, {MeV}-500, {MeV}$. When the Dirac neutrino mass matrix in the inverse seesaw formula is similar to the up-quark mass matrix, characteristic of high scale quark-lepton symmetric origin, the predicted branching ratios for lepton flavor violating decays are also found to be closer to the accessible range of ongoing experiments.
We discuss a novel effect in neutrinoless double beta (0{ u}{beta}{beta}) decay related with the fact that its underlying mechanisms take place in the nuclear matter environment. We study the neutrino exchange mechanism and demonstrate the possible i
mpact of nuclear medium via Lepton Number Violating (LNV) 4-fermion interactions of neutrino with quarks from decaying nucleus. The net effect of these interactions is generation of an effective in-medium Majorana neutrino mass matrix. The enhanced rate of the 0{ u}{beta}{beta}-decay can lead to the apparent incompatibility of observations of the 0{ u}{beta}{beta}-decay with the value of the neutrino mass determined or restricted by the {beta}-decay and cosmological data. The effective neutrino masses and mixing are calculated for the complete set of the relevant 4-fermion neutrino-quark operators. Using experimental data on the 0{ u}{beta}{beta}-decay in combination with the {beta}-decay and cosmological data we evaluate the characteristic scales of the LNV operators: {Lambda} > 2.4 TeV.
Recent neutrino experiment results show a preference for the normal neutrino mass ordering. The global efforts to search for neutrinoless double beta decays undergo a broad gap with the approach to the prediction in the three-neutrino framework based
on the normal ordering. This research is intended to show that it is possible to find a neutrinoless double beta decay signal even with normal ordered neutrino masses. We propose the existence of a light sterile neutrino as a solution to the higher effective mass of the electron neutrino expected by the current experiments. A few short-baseline oscillation experiments gave rise to a limit on the mass of the sterile neutrino and its mixing with the lightest neutrino. We demonstrate that the results of neutrinoless double beta decays can also narrow down the range of the mass and the mixing angle of the light sterile neutrino.
From the analyses of the recent data of neutrino oscillation experiments (especially the CHOOZ and the Super KAMIOKANDE experiments), we discuss how these data affect the neutrinoless double beta decay ($(beta beta)_{0 u}$) rate and vice versa assumi
ng that neutrinos are Majorana particles. For the case that $m_1 sim m_2 ll m_3$ ($m_i$ are neutrino masses), we obtain, from the data of the CHOOZ and Super KAMIOKANDE, $0.28 le sin^2theta_{23} le 0.76$ and $sin^2theta_{13} le 0.05$. Combining the latter constraint with the analysis of the averaged neutrino mass (< m_ u >) appeared in $(beta beta)_{0 u}$, we find that (frac{< m_ u >-m_2}{m_3-m_2}<sin^2 theta_{13} le 0.05), which leads to the constraint on (< m_ u >) as (< m_ u > le 0.05 m_3+(1-0.05)m_2). For the case that $m_1 ll m_2 sim m_3$, we find that the data of neutrino oscillation experiments and$(beta beta)_{0 u}$ imply the constraints of mixing angles.
The hypothesis of the conserved vector current, relating the vector weak and isovector electromagnetic currents, plays a fundamental role in quantitative description of neutrino interactions. Despite being experimentally confirmed with great precisio
n, it is not fully implemented in existing calculations of the cross section for inverse beta decay, the dominant mechanism of antineutrino scattering at energies below a few tens of MeV. In this article, I estimate the corresponding cross section and its uncertainty, ensuring conservation of the vector current. While converging to previous calculations at energies of several MeV, the obtained result is appreciably lower and predicts more directional positron production near the reaction threshold. These findings suggest that in the current estimate of the flux of geologically produced antineutrinos the 232Th and 238U components may be underestimated by 6.1 and 3.7%, respectively. The proposed search for light sterile neutrinos using a 144Ce--144Pr source is predicted to collect the total event rate lower by 3% than previously estimated and to observe a spectral distortion that could be misinterpreted as an oscillation signal. In reactor-antineutrino experiments, together with a re-evaluation of the positron spectra, the predicted event rate should be reduced by 0.9%, diminishing the size of the reported anomaly.