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Spin accumulation generated by the anomalous Hall effects (AHE) in mesoscopic ferromagnetic Ni81Fe19 (permalloy or Py) films is detected electrically by a nonlocal method. The reciprocal phenomenon, inverse spin Hall effects (ISHE), can also be generated and detected all-electrically in the same structure. For accurate quantitative analysis, a series of nonlocal AHE/ISHE structures and supplementary structures are fabricated on each sample substrate to account for statistical variations and to accurately determine all essential physical parameters in-situ. By exploring Py thicknesses of 4 nm, 8 nm, and 12 nm, the Py spin diffusion length {lambda}_Py is found to be much shorter than the film thicknesses. The product of {lambda}_Py and the Py spin Hall angle {alpha}_SH is determined to be independent of thickness and resistivity: {alpha}_SH*{lambda}_Py= (0.066 +/- 0.009) nm at 5 K and (0.041 +/- 0.010) nm at 295 K. These values are comparable to those obtained from mesoscopic Pt films.
The energy efficiency of the spin Hall effects (SHE) can be enhanced if the electrical conductivity is decreased without sacrificing the spin Hall conductivity. The resistivity of Pt films can be increased to 150-300 {mu}{Omega}*cm by mesoscopic late
The understanding of spin dynamics in laterally confined structures on sub-micron length scales has become a significant aspect of the development of novel magnetic storage technologies. Numerous ferromagnetic resonance measurements, optical characte
We describe electrical detection of spin pumping in metallic nanostructures. In the spin pumping effect, a precessing ferromagnet attached to a normal-metal acts as a pump of spin-polarized current, giving rise to a spin accumulation. The resulting s
Anomalous spin Hall effects that belong to the intrinsic type in Dresselhaus (110) quantum wells are discussed. For the out-of-plane spin component, antisymmetric current-induced spin polarization induces opposite spin Hall accumulation, even though
TmFeO$_3$ (TFO) is a canted antiferromagnet that undergoes a spin reorientation transition (SRT) with temperature between 82 K and 94 K in single crystals. In this temperature region, the Neel vector continuously rotates from the crystallographic $c$