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In this work, we interpret the 3-3-1-1 model when the B-L and 3-3-1 breaking scales behave simultaneously as the inflation scale. This setup not only realizes the previously-achieved consequences of inflation and leptogenesis, but also provides new insights in superheavy dark matter and neutrino masses. We argue that the 3-3-1-1 model can incorporate a scalar sextet, which induces both small masses for the neutrinos via a combined type I and II seesaw and large masses for the new neutral fermions. Additionally, all the new particles have the large masses in the inflation scale. The lightest particle among the W-particles that have abnormal (i.e., wrong) B-L number in comparison to those of the standard model particles may be a superheavy dark matter as it is stabilized by the W-parity. The dark matter candidate may be a Majorana fermion, a neutral scalar, or a neutral gauge boson, which was properly created in the early universe due to the gravitational effects on the vacuum or the thermal production after cosmic inflation.
We present the features of the fully flipped 3-3-1-1 model and show that this model leads to dark matter candidates naturally. We study two dark matter scenarios corresponding to the triplet fermion and singlet scalar candidates, and we determine the
We propose a new and realistic 3-3-1 model with the minimal lepton and scalar contents, named the simple 3-3-1 model. The scalar sector contains two new heavy Higgs bosons, one neutral H and another singly-charged H^pm, besides the standard model Hig
The flipped 3-3-1 model discriminates lepton families instead of the quark ones in normal sense, where the left-handed leptons are in two triplets plus one sextet while the left-handed quarks are in antitriplets, under $SU(3)_L$. We investigate a min
A new model for tiny neutrino masses is proposed in the gauge theory of $SU(3)_C otimes SU(3)_L otimes U(1)_X$, where neutrino masses are generated via the quantum effect of new particles. In this model, the fermion content is taken to be minimal to
We prove that the $SU(3)_Cotimes SU(2)_L otimes SU(3)_Rotimes U(1)_X$ (3-2-3-1) gauge model always contains a matter parity $W_P=(-1)^{3(B-L)+2s}$ as conserved residual gauge symmetry, where $B-L=2(beta T_{8R}+X)$ is a $SU(3)_Rotimes U(1)_X$ charge.