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Tunneling in quantum field theory is worth understanding properly, not least because it controls the long term fate of our universe. There are however, a number of features of tunneling rate calculations which lack a desirable transparency, such as the necessity of analytic continuation, the appropriateness of using an effective instead of classical potential, and the sensitivity to short-distance physics. This paper attempts to review in pedagogical detail the physical origin of tunneling and its connection to the path integral. Both the traditional potential-deformation method and a recent more direct propagator-based method are discussed. Some new insights from using approximate semi-classical solutions are presented. In addition, we explore the sensitivity of the lifetime of our universe to short distance physics, such as quantum gravity, emphasizing a number of important subtleties.
The problem of causality is analyzed in the context of Local Quantum Field Theory. Contrary to recent claims, it is shown that apparent noncausal behaviour is due to a lack of the notion of sharp localizability for a relativistic quantum system. (Replaced corrupted file)
We derive general covariant coupled equations of QCD describing the tetraquark in terms of a mix of four-quark states $2q2bar q$, and two-quark states $qbar q$. The coupling of $2q2bar q$ to $qbar q$ states is achieved by a simple contraction of a fo
The evolution of the distribution-theoretic methods in perturbative quantum field theory is reviewed starting from Bogolyubovs pioneering 1952 work with emphasis on the theory and calculations of perturbation theory integrals.
The only known way to study quantum field theories in non-perturbative regimes is using numerical calculations regulated on discrete space-time lattices. Such computations, however, are often faced with exponential signal-to-noise challenges that ren
We discuss the renormalisation of the initial value problem in quantum field theory using the two-particle irreducible (2PI) effective action formalism. The nonequilibrium dynamics is renormalised by counterterms determined in equilibrium. We emphasi