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Quantum information technologies harness the intrinsic nature of quantum theory to beat the limitations of the classical methods for information processing and communication. Recently, the application of quantum features to metrology has attracted much attention. Quantum optical coherence tomography (QOCT), which utilizes two-photon interference between entangled photon pairs, is a promising approach to overcome the problem with optical coherence tomography (OCT): As the resolution of OCT becomes higher, degradation of the resolution due to dispersion within the medium becomes more critical. Here we report on the realization of 0.54 $mu$m resolution two-photon interference, which surpasses the current record resolution 0.75 $mu$m of low-coherence interference for OCT. In addition, the resolution for QOCT showed almost no change against the dispersion of a 1 mm thickness of water inserted in the optical path, whereas the resolution for OCT dramatically degrades. For this experiment, a highly-efficient chirped quasi-phase-matched lithium tantalate device was developed using a novel $`$nano-electrode-poling$$ technique. The results presented here represent a breakthrough for the realization of quantum protocols, including QOCT, quantum clock synchronization, and more. Our work will open up possibilities for medical and biological applications.
The dispersion cancellation observed in Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference between frequency-entangled photon pairs has been the basis of quantum optical coherence tomography and quantum clock synchronization. Here we explore the effect of phase dispe
We present the first observation of two-photon polarization interference structure in the second-order Glaubers correlation function of two-photon light generated via type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion. In order to obtain this result, two
Optical-coherence tomography (OCT) is a technique that employs light in order to measure the internal structure of semi-transparent, e.g. biological, samples. It is based on the interference pattern of low-coherence light. Quantum-OCT (QOCT), instead
Even-order dispersion cancellation, an effect previously identified with frequency-entangled photons, is demonstrated experimentally for the first time with a linear, classical interferometer. A combination of a broad bandwidth laser and a high resol
Owing to a reduced solar background and low propagation losses in the atmosphere, the 2- to 2.5-$mu$m waveband is a promising candidate for daylight quantum communication. This spectral region also offers low losses and low dispersion in hollow-core