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Let $f(x) in mathbb{Z}[x]$; for each integer $alpha$ it is interesting to consider the number of iterates $n_{alpha}$, if possible, needed to satisfy $f^{n_{alpha}}(alpha) = alpha$. The sets ${alpha, f(alpha), ldots, f^{n_{alpha} - 1}(alpha), alpha}$ generated by the iterates of $f$ are called cycles. For $mathbb{Z}[x]$ it is known that cycles of length 1 and 2 occur, and no others. While much is known for extensions to number fields, we concentrate on extending $mathbb{Z}$ by adjoining reciprocals of primes. Let $mathbb{Z}[1/p_1, ldots, 1/p_n]$ denote $mathbb{Z}$ extended by adding in the reciprocals of the $n$ primes $p_1, ldots, p_n$ and all their products and powers with each other and the elements of $mathbb{Z}$. Interestingly, cycles of length 4, called 4-cycles, emerge for polynomials in $mathbb{Z}left[1/p_1, ldots, 1/p_nright][x]$ under the appropriate conditions. The problem of finding criteria under which 4-cycles emerge is equivalent to determining how often a sum of four terms is zero, where the terms are $pm 1$ times a product of elements from the list of $n$ primes. We investigate conditions on sets of primes under which 4-cycles emerge. We characterize when 4-cycles emerge if the set has one or two primes, and (assuming a generalization of the ABC conjecture) find conditions on sets of primes guaranteed not to cause 4-cycles to emerge.
We show that the K_{2i}(Z[x]/(x^m),(x)) is finite of order (mi)!(i!)^{m-2} and that K_{2i+1}(Z[x]/(x^m),(x)) is free abelian of rank m-1. This is accomplished by showing that the equivariant homotopy groups of the topological Hochschild spectrum THH(
We prove a new upper bound on the second moment of Maass form symmetric square L-functions defined over Gaussian integers. Combining this estimate with the recent result of Balog-Biro-Cherubini-Laaksonen, we improve the error term in the prime geodesic theorem for the Picard manifold.
We present a variation of the modular algorithm for computing the Hermite normal form of an $mathcal O_K$-module presented by Cohen, where $mathcal O_K$ is the ring of integers of a number field $K$. An approach presented in (Cohen 1996) based on red
One of the many number theoretic topics investigated by the ancient Greeks was perfect numbers, which are positive integers equal to the sum of their proper positive integral divisors. Mathematicians from Euclid to Euler investigated these mysterious
In this paper, we examine how far a polynomial in $mathbb{F}_2[x]$ can be from a squarefree polynomial. For any $epsilon>0$, we prove that for any polynomial $f(x)inmathbb{F}_2[x]$ with degree $n$, there exists a squarefree polynomial $g(x)inmathbb{F