ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
Highly accreting quasars are characterized by distinguishing properties in the 4D eigenvector 1 parameter space that make them easily recognizable over a broad range range of redshift and luminosity. The 4D eigenvector 1 approach allows us to define selection criteria that go beyond the restriction to Narrow Line Seyfert 1s identified at low redshift. These criteria are probably able to isolate sources with a defined physical structure i.e., a geometrically thick, optically thick advection-dominated accretion disk (a slim disk). We stress that the importance of highly accreting quasars goes beyond the understanding of the details of their physics: their Eddington ratio is expected to saturate toward values of order unity, making them possible cosmological probes.
Recently some pessimism has been expressed about our lack of progress in understanding quasars over the 50+ year since their discovery. It is worthwhile to look back at some of the progress that has been made - but still lies under the radar - perhap
Gas outflows appear to be a phenomenon shared by the vast majority of quasars. Observations indicate that there is wide range in outflow prominence. In this paper we review how the 4D eigenvector 1 scheme helps to organize observed properties and lea
We describe a 4D Eigenvector 1 (4DE1) space that serves as a surrogate H-R diagram for quasars. It provides a context for describing and unifying differences between all broad line AGN. Quasar spectra can be averaged in a non-random way using 4DE1 ju
We present an analysis of UV spectra of 13 quasars believed to belong to extreme Population A (xA) quasars, aimed at the estimation of the chemical abundances of the broad line emitting gas. Metallicity estimates for the broad line emitting gas of qu
We propose a method to identify quasars radiating closest to the Eddington limit, defining primary and secondary selection criteria in the optical, UV and X-ray spectral range based on the 4D eigenvector 1 formalism. We then show that it is possible