ﻻ يوجد ملخص باللغة العربية
We discuss two extraordinary increases of cosmic ray intensity observed by Voyager 1 in the last 1.1 AU before heliopause crossing, Aug 2012 at 121.7 AU. The two increases are roughly similar in amplitude and result in a total increase of cosmic ray nuclei around 1 GV of over 50 percent and of 0.01 GV electrons of a factor about 2. During the first increase, the changes in the magnetic, B, field are small. After the first increase, the B field variations and cosmic ray changes become large and during the second increase the B field variations and the cosmic ray changes are correlated to within a day. The intensity variations of H and He nuclei during these time intervals are measured from 0.1 to over 1 GV. The total GCR increse over the two events resemble those expected from a simple force-field like solar modulation model with a modulation potential of about 80MV. This is nearly one third of the total modulation potential of about 250 GV required to produce the modulation of these particles observed at the earth at the 2009 sunspot minimum and adds a new aspect to ideas about heliospheric modulation.
Both the Cosmic Ray Flux (CRF) and Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) have left an imprint on SOHO technical systems. While the solar array efficiency degraded irreversibly down to ~77% of its original level over roughly 1 1/2 solar cycles, Single Even
Transport equation of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) is numerically solved for qA>0 and qA<0 based on the stochastic differential equation (SDE) method. We have developed a fully time-dependent and three-dimensional code adapted for the wavy heliosphe
We present near-infrared (0.8-1.8 $mu$m) spectra of 105 bright (${m_{J}}$ $<$ 10) stars observed with the low resolution spectrometer on the rocket-borne Cosmic Infrared Background Experiment (CIBER). As our observations are performed above the earth
The 11-year and 22-year modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) in the inner heliosphere are studied using a numerical model developed by Qin and Shen in 2017. Based on the numerical solutions of Parkers transport equations, the model incorporates
We study the time-dependent modulation effect and derive the local interstellar spectra (LIS) for the cosmic ray (CR) proton, helium, boron and carbon. A two-dimensional modulation model including the variation of the interplanetary environment with