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We study the large scale geometry of the relative free splitting complex and the relative complex of free factor systems of the rank $n$ free group $F_n$, relative to the choice of a free factor system of $F_n$, proving that these complexes are hyperbolic. Furthermore we present the proof in a general context, obtaining hyperbolicity of the relative free splitting complex and of the relative complex of free factor systems of a general group $Gamma$, relative to the choice of a free factor system of $Gamma$. The proof yields information about coarsely transitive families of quasigeodesics in each of these complexes, expressed in terms of fold paths of free splittings.
We develop the geometry of folding paths in Outer space and, as an application, prove that the complex of free factors of a free group of finite rank is hyperbolic.
We lay the foundations for the study of relatively quasiconvex subgroups of relatively hyperbolic groups. These foundations require that we first work out a coherent theory of countable relatively hyperbolic groups (not necessarily finitely generated
We study the loxodromic elements for the action of $Out(F_n)$ on the free splitting complex of the rank $n$ free group $F_n$. We prove that each outer automorphism is either loxodromic, or has bounded orbits without any periodic point, or has a perio
This paper is devoted to the computation of the space $H_b^2(Gamma,H;mathbb{R})$, where $Gamma$ is a free group of finite rank $ngeq 2$ and $H$ is a subgroup of finite rank. More precisely we prove that $H$ has infinite index in $Gamma$ if and only i
It is known that a cocompact special group $G$ does not contain $mathbb{Z} times mathbb{Z}$ if and only if it is hyperbolic; and it does not contain $mathbb{F}_2 times mathbb{Z}$ if and only if it is toric relatively hyperbolic. Pursuing in this dire