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تسجيل مستخدم جديدProton Electrodynamics in Liquid Water
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The dielectric spectrum of liquid water, $10^{4} - 10^{11}$ Hz, is interpreted in terms of diffusion of charges, formed as a result of self-ionization of H$_{2}$O molecules. This approach explains the Debye relaxation and the dc conductivity as two manifestations of this diffusion. The Debye relaxation is due to the charge diffusion with a fast recombination rate, $1/tau_{2}$, while the dc conductivity is a manifestation of the diffusion with a much slower recombination rate, $1/tau_{1}$. Applying a simple model based on Brownian-like diffusion, we find $tau_{2} simeq 10^{-11}$ s and $tau_{1} simeq 10^{-6}$ s, and the concentrations of the charge carriers, involved in each of the two processes, $N_{2} simeq 5 times 10^{26}$ m$^{-3}$ and $N_{1} simeq 10^{14}$ m$^{-3}$. Further, we relate $N_{2}$ and $N_{1}$ to the total concentration of H$_{3}$O$^{+}$--OH$^{-}$ pairs and to the pH index, respectively, and find the lifetime of a single water molecule, $tau_{0} simeq 10^{-9}$ s. Finally, we show that the high permittivity of water results mostly from flickering of separated charges, rather than from reorientations of intact molecular dipoles.
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96 -
Yujin Tong
, Tobias Kampfrath
, R. Kramer Campen (Fritz Habern Institute of the Max Planck Society
2017
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