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Ultracapacitors are rapidly being adopted for use for a wide range of electrical energy storage applications. While ultracapacitors are able to deliver high rates of charge and discharge, they are limited in the amount of energy stored. The capacity of ultracapacitors is largely determined by the electrode material and as a result, research to improve the performance of electrode materials has dramatically increased. While test methods for packaged ultracapacitors are well developed, it is often not feasible for the materials scientist to assemble full sized, packaged cells to test electrode materials. Methodology to reliably measure a materials performance for ultracapacitor electrode use is not well standardized with the different techniques currently being used yielding widely varying results. In this manuscript, we review the best practice test methods that accurately predict a materials performance, yet are flexible and quick enough to accommodate a wide range of material sample types and amounts.
In this article we wish to provide a common set of best practice approaches that should be considered for all effective research grant proposal reviews. The federal government performs a critical role in American competitiveness and security by suppo
Taking into account the phase fraction during transition for the first-order magnetocaloric materials, an improved isothermal entropy change determination has been put forward based on the Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) equation. It was found that the isoth
Computational screening methods have been accelerating discovery of new materials and deployment of technologies based on them in many areas from batteries and alloys to photovoltaics and separation processes. In this review, we focus on post-combust
We extend the nested sampling algorithm to simulate materials under periodic boundary and constant pressure conditions, and show how it can be used to determine the complete equilibrium phase diagram, for a given potential energy function, efficientl
We report on graphene-passivated ferromagnetic electrodes (GPFE) for spin devices. GPFE are shown to act as spin-polarized oxidation-resistant electrodes. The direct coating of nickel with few layer graphene through a readily scalable chemical vapour