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The quark condensate is calculated in terms of the effective string tension and the constituent quark mass. For 3 colors and 2 light flavors, the constituent mass is bounded from below by the value of 460 MeV. This value is only accessible when the string tension decreases linearly with the Schwinger proper time. For this reason, the Hausdorff dimension of a light-quark trajectory is equal to 4, indicating that these trajectories are similar to branched polymers, which can describe a weak first-order deconfinement phase transition in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory. Using this indication, we develop a gluon-chain model based on such trajectories.
Fetal functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating brain development in utero, holding promise for generating developmental disease biomarkers and supporting prenatal diagnosis. However, to date its cl
Tumor motion plays a key role in the safe delivery of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to use tumor motion data measured in patients to establish limits on motion magnitude for safe delivery o
A model proposed in 2004 using the non-Abelian discrete symmetry S3 for understanding the flavor structure of quarks and leptons is updated, with special focus on the quark and scalar sectors. We show how the approximate residual symmetries of this m
Recent high-precision measurements of nuclear deep inelastic scattering at high x and moderate 6 < Q$^2$ < 9GeV$^2$ give a rare opportunity to reach the quark distributions in the {it superfast} region, in which the momentum fraction of the nucleon c
Vectorlike fermions are an important target for hadron collider searches. We show that the vectorlike quarks may predominantly decay via higher-dimensional operators into a quark plus a couple of other Standard Model fermions. Pair production of vect