We give natural extensions for the alpha-Rosen continued fractions of Dajani et al. for a set of small alpha values by appropriately adding and deleting rectangles from the region of the natural extension for the standard Rosen fractions. It follows that the underlying maps have equal entropy.
In this article we generalize Borels classical approximation results for the regular continued fraction expansion to the alpha-Rosen fraction expansion, using a geometric method. We give a Haas-Series-type result about all possible good approximation
s for the alpha for which the Legendre constant is larger than the Hurwitz constant.
The Rosen fractions are an infinite set of continued fraction algorithms, each giving expansions of real numbers in terms of certain algebraic integers. For each, we give a best possible upper bound for the minimum in appropriate consecutive blocks o
f approximation coefficients (in the sense of Diophantine approximation by continued fraction convergents). We also obtain metrical results for large blocks of ``bad approximations.
We give a heuristic method to solve explicitly for an absolutely continuous invariant measure for a piecewise differentiable, expanding map of a compact subset $I$ of Euclidean space $R^d$. The method consists of constructing a skew product family of
maps on $Itimes R^d$, which has an attractor. Lebesgue measure is invariant for the skew product family restricted to this attractor. Under reasonable measure theoretic conditions, integration over the fibers gives the desired measure on $I$. Furthermore, the attractor system is then the natural extension of the original map with this measure. We illustrate this method by relating it to various results in the literature.
We exhibit a method to use continued fractions in function fields to find new families of hyperelliptic curves over the rationals with given torsion order in their Jacobians. To show the utility of the method, we exhibit a new infinite family of curv
es over $mathbb Q$ with genus two whose Jacobians have torsion order eleven.
Given an n-dimensional natural Hamiltonian L on a Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian manifold, we call extension of L the n+1 dimensional Hamiltonian $H=frac 12 p_u^2+alpha(u)L+beta(u)$ with new canonically conjugated coordinates $(u,p_u)$. For suitable
L, the functions $alpha$ and $beta$ can be chosen depending on any natural number m such that H admits an extra polynomial first integral in the momenta of degree m, explicitly determined in the form of the m-th power of a differential operator applied to a certain function of coordinates and momenta. In particular, if L is maximally superintegrable (MS) then H is MS also. Therefore, the extension procedure allows the creation of new superintegrable systems from old ones. For m=2, the extra first integral generated by the extension procedure determines a second-order symmetry operator of a Laplace-Beltrami quantization of H, modified by taking in account the curvature of the configuration manifold. The extension procedure can be applied to several Hamiltonian systems, including the three-body Calogero and Wolfes systems (without harmonic term), the Tremblay-Turbiner-Winternitz system and n-dimensional anisotropic harmonic oscillators. We propose here a short review of the known results of the theory and some previews of new ones.