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We model the effect of photon and ultra-light pseudoscalar mixing on the propagation of electromagnetic radiation through the extragalactic medium. The medium is modelled as a large number of magnetic domains, uncorrelated with one another. We obtain an analytic expression for the different Stokes parameters in the limit of small mixing angle. The different Stokes parameters are found to increase linearly with the number of domains. We also verify this result by direct numerical simulations. We use this formalism to estimate the effect of pseudoscalar-photon mixing on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization. We impose limits on the model parameters by the CMB observations. We find that the currently allowed parameter range admits a CMB circular polarization up to order $10^{-7}$.
We investigate the effects of pseudoscalar-photon mixing on electromagnetic radiation in the presence of correlated extragalactic magnetic fields. We model the Universe as a collection of magnetic domains and study the propagation of radiation throug
We present our model-independent and data-driven method to describe pseudoscalar meson transition form factors in the space- and (low-energy) time-like regions. The method is general and conforms a toolkit applicable to any other form factor, of one
Recent literature has shown that photon-photon forward scattering mediated by Euler-Heisenberg interactions may generate some amount of the circular polarization ($V$ modes) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons. However, there is an appar
When the theory of Quantum Chromodynamics was introduced, it was to explain the observed phenomena of quark confinement and scaling. It was then discovered that the emergence of instantons is an essential consequence of this theory. This led to unant
We present algorithms that interleave photon radiation from the final state and the initial state with the QCD evolution in the antenna-based Vincia parton shower. One of the algorithms incorporates the complete soft and collinear structure associate