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The $alpha$ particle preformation in the even-even nuclei from $^{108}$Te to $^{294}$118 and the penetration probability have been studied. The isotopes from Pb to U have been firstly investigated since the experimental data allow us to extract the microscopic features for each element. The assault frequency has been estimated using classical methods and the penetration probability from tunneling through the Generalized Liquid Drop Model (GLDM) potential barrier. The preformation factor has been extracted from experimental $alpha$ decay energies and half-lives. The shell closure effects play the key role in the $alpha$ preformation. The more the nucleon number is close to the magic numbers, the more the formation of $alpha$ cluster is difficult inside the mother nucleus. The penetration probabilities reflect that 126 is a neutron magic number. The penetration probability range is very large compared to that of the preformation factor. The penetration probability determines mainly the $alpha$ decay half-life while the preformation factor allows us to obtain information on the nuclear structure. The study has been extended to the newly observed heaviest nuclei.
The fragmentation of quasi-projectiles from the nuclear reaction 40Ca + 12C at 25 MeV/nucleon was used to produce alpha-emission sources. From a careful selection of these sources provided by a complete detection and from comparisons with models of s
The formation of $alpha$ particle on nuclear surface has been a fundamental problem since the early age of nuclear physics. It strongly affects the $alpha$ decay lifetime of heavy and superheavy elements, level scheme of light nuclei, and the synthes
The fragmentation of quasi-projectiles from the nuclear reaction $^{40}Ca$ + $^{12}C$ at 25 MeV/nucleon was used to produce excited states candidates to $alpha$-particle condensation. The experiment was performed at LNS-Catania using the CHIMERA mult
A theoretical approach was developed to describe secondary particle emission in heavy ion collisions, with special regards to pre-equilibrium {alpha}-particle production. Griffins model of non-equilibrium processes is used to account for the first st
The fragmentation of quasi-projectiles from the nuclear reaction $^{40}$Ca+$^{12}$C at 25 MeV/nucleon was used to produce excited states candidates to $alpha$-particle condensation. Complete kinematic characterization of individual decay events, made