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The method of scaling transformations permitting to carry out the reconstruction of cross sections of $gamma N$ and $gammagamma$ interactions on the basis of cross sections of nucleon-(anti)nucleon interactions is suggested. The photon--hadron scaling violation is a consequence of dependence of scaling transformation parameter $bar n(s)$ on the energy. The universal function $bar n(s)$ is interpreted as the multiplicity of photohadronization. This function is established by processing the data on $gamma p$ cross sections in the low energy region $sqrt{s}< 20 GeV$ and is extrapolated to the high energy region up to $sqrt{s}sim 200 GeV$. The results of the reconstruction of $gamma N$ cross sections at high energies and of $gammagamma$ ones at all energies are in a remarkable agreement with available experimental data.
COMPASS final results on multiplicities of charged hadrons and of identified pions and kaons produced in the deep inelastic muon scattering off an isoscalar target are presented and compared to HERMES results. Measurements are done in bins of x, y an
Hadron production in single and central diffraction dissociation is studied in a model which includes soft hadron interaction as controlled by a supercritical pomeron parametrization and hard diffraction. Within this model, particle production in col
We discuss the multiplicity distribution for highest accessible energies of $pp$- and $bar pp$- interactions from the point of view of the multiparton collisions. The inelastic cross sections for the single, $sigma_1$, and multiple (double and, presu
Due to the coherence of all the protons in a nucleus, there are very strong electromagnetic fields of short duration in relativistic heavy ion collisions. They give rise to quasireal photon-photon and photon-nucleus collisions with a large flux. RHIC
The multiplicity per rapidity of the well-identified particles $pi^{-}$, $pi^{+}$, $k^{-}$, $k^{+}$, $bar{p}$, $p$, and $p-bar{p}$ measured in different high-energy experiments, at energies ranging from $6.3$ to $5500~$GeV, are successfully compared