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تسجيل مستخدم جديدBulk viscosity and deflationary universes
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We analyze the conditions that make possible the description of entropy generation in the new inflationary model by means of a nearequilibrium process. We show that there are situations in which the bulk viscosity cannot describe particle production during the coherent field oscillations phase.
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We explore the cosmological implications at effective level of matter creation effects in a dissipative fluid for a FLRW geometry; we also perform a statistical analysis for this kind of model. By considering an inhomogeneous Ansatz for the particle
production rate we obtain that for created matter of dark matter type we can have a quintessence scenario or a future singularity known as little rip; in dependence of the value of a constant parameter, $eta$, which characterizes the matter production effects. The dimensionless age of this kind of Universe is computed, showing that this number is greater than the standard cosmology value, this is typical of universes with presence of dark energy. The inclusion of baryonic matter is studied. By implementing the construction of the particle production rate for a dissipative fluid by considering two approaches for the expression of the bulk viscous pressure; we find that in Eckart model we have a big rip singularity leading to a catastrophic matter production and in the truncated version of the Israel-Stewart model such rate remains bounded leading to a quintessence scenario. For a non adiabatic dissipative fluid, we obtain a positive temperature and the cosmic expansion obeys the second law of thermodynamics.
We derive an analytical connection between kinetic relaxation rate and bulk viscosity of a relativistic fluid in d spatial dimensions, all the way from the ultra-relativistic down to the near non-relativistic regime. Our derivation is based on both C
hapman-Enskog asymptotic expansion and Grads method of moments. We validate our theoretical results against a benchmark flow, providing further evidence of the correctness of the Chapman-Enskog approach; we define the range of validity of this approach and provide evidence of mounting departures at increasing Knudsen number. Finally, we present numerical simulations of transport processes in quark gluon plasmas, with special focus on the effects of bulk viscosity which might prove amenable to future experimental verification.
We derive a general formalism for bulk viscous solutions of the energy-conservation-equation for $rho(a,zeta)$, both for a single-component and a multicomponent fluid in the Friedmann universe. For our purposes these general solutions become valuable
in estimating order of magnitude of the phenomenological viscosity in the cosmic fluid at present. $H(z)$ observations are found to put an upper limit on the magnitude of the modulus of the present day bulk viscosity. It is found to be $zeta_0sim 10^6~$Pa s, in agreement with previous works. We point out that this magnitude is acceptable from a hydrodynamic point of view. Finally, we bring new insight by using our estimates of $zeta$ to analyse the fate of the future universe. Of special interest is the case $zeta propto sqrt{rho}$ for which the fluid, originally situated in the quintessence region, may slide through the phantom barrier and inevitably be driven into a big rip. Typical rip times are found to be a few hundred Gy.
The bulk viscosity determines dissipation during hydrodynamic expansion. It vanishes in scale invariant fluids, while a nonzero value quantifies the deviation from scale invariance. For the dilute Fermi gas the bulk viscosity is given exactly by the
correlation function of the contact density of local pairs. As a consequence, scale invariance is broken purely by pair fluctuations. These fluctuations give rise also to logarithmic terms in the bulk viscosity of the high-temperature nondegenerate gas. For the quantum degenerate regime I report numerical Luttinger-Ward results for the contact correlator and the dynamical bulk viscosity throughout the BEC-BCS crossover. The ratio of bulk to shear viscosity $zeta/eta$ is found to exceed the kinetic theory prediction in the quantum degenerate regime. Near the superfluid phase transition the bulk viscosity is enhanced by critical fluctuations and has observable effects on dissipative heating, expansion dynamics and sound attenuation.
We study the effect of the inclusion of bulk brane viscosity on brane world (BW) cosmology in the framework of the Eckarts theory, we focus in the Randall-Sundrum model with negative tension on the brane.
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