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This paper proposes a simple and flexible storage model for use in a variety of multi-period optimal power flow problems. The proposed model is designed for research use in a broad assortment of contexts enabled by the following key features: (i) the model can represent the dynamics of an energy buffer at a wide range of scales, from residential battery storage to grid-scale pumped hydro; (ii) it is compatible with both balanced and unbalanced formulations of the power flow equations; (iii) convex relaxations and linear approximations to allow seamless integration of the proposed model into applications where convexity or linearity is required are developed; (iv) a minimalist and standardized data model is presented, to facilitate easy of use by the research community. The proposed model is validated using a proof-of-concept twenty-four hour storage scheduling task that demonstrates the value of the models key features. An open-source implementation of the model is provided as part of the PowerModels and PowerModelsDistribution optimization toolboxes.
Power systems are susceptible to natural threats including hurricanes and floods. Modern power grids are also increasingly threatened by cyber attacks. Existing approaches that help improve power system security and resilience may not be sufficient;
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