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Assuming Schanuels conjecture, we prove that any polynomial exponential equation in one variable must have a solution that is transcendental over a given finitely generated field. With the help of some recent results in Diophantine geometry, we obtain the result by proving (unconditionally) that certain polynomial exponential equations have only finitely many rational solutions. This answers affirmatively a question of David Marker, who asked, and proved in the case of algebraic coefficients, whether at least the one-variable case of Zilbers strong exponential-algebraic closedness conjecture can be reduced to Schanuels conjecture.
The Collatz conjecture is explored using polynomials based on a binary numeral system. It is shown that the degree of the polynomials, on average, decreases after a finite number of steps of the Collatz operation, which provides a weak proof of the c
We establish cancellation in short sums of certain special trace functions over $mathbb{F}_q[u]$ below the P{o}lya-Vinogradov range, with savings approaching square-root cancellation as $q$ grows. This is used to resolve the $mathbb{F}_q[u]$-analog o
We analyze the decomposition problem of multivariate polynomial-exponential functions from truncated series and present new algorithms to compute their decomposition. Using the duality between polynomials and formal power series, we first show how th
Menger conjectured that subsets of R with the Menger property must be ${sigma}$-compact. While this is false when there is no restriction on the subsets of R, for projective subsets it is known to follow from the Axiom of Projective Determinacy, whic
We generalize the classical theorem by Jarnik and Besicovitch on the irrationality exponents of real numbers and Hausdorff dimension. Let a be any real number greater than or equal to 2 and let b be any non-negative real less than or equal to 2/a. We