The relationship between charge density wave (CDW) orders and superconductivity in arsenide superconductor SrPt$_2$As$_2$ with $T_c$ = 5.2 K which crystallizes in the CaBe$_2$Ge$_2$-type structure was studied by $^{75}$As nuclear magnetic resonance (
NMR) measurements up to 520 K, and $^{75}$As nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) and $^{195}$Pt-NMR measurements down to 1.5 K. At high temperature, $^{75}$As-NMR spectrum and nuclear spin relaxation rate ($1/T_1$) have revealed two distinct CDW orders, one realized in the As-Pt-As layer below $T_{rm CDW}^{rm As(1)}$ $=$ 410 K and the other in the Pt-As-Pt layer below $T_{rm CDW}^{rm As(2)}$ $=$ 255 K. The $1/T_1$ measured by $^{75}$As-NQR shows a clear Hebel-Slichter peak just below $T_c$ and decreases exponentially well below $T_c$. Concomitantly, $^{195}$Pt Knight shift decreases below $T_c$. Our results indicate that superconductivity in SrPt$_2$As$_2$ is in the spin-singlet state with an $s$-wave gap and is robust under the two distinct CDW orders in different layers.
We report the results of the Knight shift by 63,65Cu-nuclear-magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on single-layered copper-oxide Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+delta conducted under very high magnetic fields up to 44 T. The magnetic field suppresses superconductiv
ity completely and the pseudogap ground state is revealed. The 63Cu-NMR Knight shift shows that there remains a finite density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level in the zero-temperature limit, which indicates that the pseudogap ground state is a metallic state with a finite volume of Fermi surface. The residual DOS in the pseudogap ground state decreases with decreasing doping (increasing x) but remains quite large even at the vicinity of the magnetically ordered phase of x > 0.8, which suggests that the DOS plunges to zero upon approaching the Mott insulating phase.
75As-zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements are performed on CaFe2As2 under pressure. At P = 4.7 and 10.8 kbar, the temperature dependences of nuclear-spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T1) measur
ed in the tetragonal phase show no coherence peak just below Tc(P) and decrease with decreasing temperature. The superconductivity is gapless at P = 4.7 kbar but evolves to that with multiple gaps at P = 10.8 kbar. We find that the superconductivity appears near a quantum critical point under pressures in the range 4.7 kbar < P < 10.8 kbar. Both electron correlation and superconductivity disappear in the collapsed tetragonal phase. A systematic study under pressure indicates that electron correlations play a vital role in forming Cooper pairs in this compound.
We report $^{75}$As nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) studies on superconducting oxypnictide LaFeAsO$_{0.92}$F$_{0.08}$ ($T_{rm c}$ = 23 K). The temperature dependence of the spin lattice relaxation rate (1/$T_1$) decreases below $T_{rm c}$ without
a coherence (Hebel-Slichter) peak and shows a temperature dependence that is not simple power-law nor exponential. We show that the result can be understood in terms of two superconducting gaps of either $d$- or ${pm}s$-wave symmetry, with the larger gap $Delta_1sim 4 k_{rm B}T_{rm c}$ and the smaller one $Delta_2 sim 1.5 k_{rm B}T_{rm c}$. Our result suggests that the multiple-gaps feature is universal in the oxypnictides superconductors, which is probably associated with the multiple electronic bands structure in this new class of materials. We also find that 1/$T_1T$ above $T_{rm c}$ increases with decreasing temperature, which suggests weak magnetic fluctuations in the normal state.
We report $^{123}$Sb nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements of the filled skutterudite heavy-fermion superconductor PrOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$ under high pressure. The temperature dependence of NQR frequency and the spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/T_
1$ indicate that the crystal-electric-field splitting $Delta_{rm CEF}$ between the ground state $Gamma_1$ singlet and the first excited state $Gamma_4^{(2)}$ triplet decreases with increasing pressure. Ac-susceptibility measurements indicate that the superconducting transition temperature ($T_{rm c}$) also decreases with increasing pressure. However, above $P$ $sim$ 2 GPa, both $Delta_{rm CEF}$ and $T_{rm c}$ do not depend on external pressure up to $P$ = 3.82 GPa. These pressure dependences of $Delta_{rm CEF}$ and $T_{rm c}$ suggest an intimate relationship between quadrupole excitations associated with the $Gamma_4^{(2)}$ level and unconventional superconductivity in PrOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$. In the superconducting state, 1/$T_1$ below $T_{rm c}$ = 1.55 and 1.57 K at $P$ = 1.91 and 2.63 GPa shows a power-law temperature variations and are proportional to $T^5$ at temperatures considerably below $T_{rm c}$. These data can be well fitted by the gap model $Delta(theta) = Delta_0sintheta$ with $Delta_0$ = 3.08 $k_{rm B}T_{rm c}$ and 3.04 $k_{rm B}T_{rm c}$ for $P$ = 1.91 and 2.63 GPa, respectively. The results indicate there exists point nodes in the gap function.
We report on the pressure-induced unconventional superconductivity in the heavy-fermion antiferromagnet CeIn3 by means of nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) studies conducted under a high pressure. The temperature and pressure dependences of the NQR
spectra have revealed a first-order quantum-phase transition (QPT) from an AFM to PM at a critical pressure Pc=2.46 GPa. Despite the lack of an AFM quantum critical point in the P-T phase diagram, we highlight the fact that the unconventional SC occurs in both phases of the AFM and PM. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 in the AFM phase have provided evidence for the uniformly coexisting AFM+SC phase. In the HF-PM phase where AFM fluctuations are not developed, 1/T1 decreases without the coherence peak just below Tc, followed by a power-law like T dependence that indicates an unconventional SC with a line-node gap. Remarkably, Tc has a peak around Pc in the HF-PM phase as well as in the AFM phase. In other words, an SC dome exists with a maximum value of Tc = 230 mK around Pc, indicating that the origin of the pressure-induced HF SC in CeIn3 is not relevant to AFM spin fluctuations but to the emergence of the first-order QPT in CeIn3. When the AFM critical temperature is suppressed at the termination point of the first-order QPT, Pc = 2.46 GPa, the diverging AFM spin-density fluctuations emerge at the critical point from the AFM to PM. The results with CeIn3 leading to a new type of quantum criticality deserve further theoretical investigations.
