Traffic is essential for many dynamic processes on real networks, such as internet and urban traffic systems. The transport efficiency of the traffic system can be improved by taking full advantage of the resources in the system. In this paper, we pr
opose a dual-strategy routing model for network traffic system, to realize the plenary utility of the whole network. The packets are delivered according to different efficient routing strategies [Yan, et al, Phys. Rev. E 73, 046108 (2006)]. We introduce the accumulate rate of packets, {eta} to measure the performance of traffic system in the congested phase, and propose the so-called equivalent generation rate of packet to analyze the jamming processes. From analytical and numerical results, we find that, for suitable selection of strategies, the dual- strategy system performs better than the single-strategy system in a broad region of strategy mixing ratio. The analytical solution to the jamming processes is verified by estimating the number of jammed nodes, which coincides well with the result from simulation.
$Om$ diagnostic can differentiate between different models of dark energy without the accurate current value of matter density. We apply this geometric diagnostic to dilaton dark energy(DDE) model and differentiate DDE model from LCDM. We also invest
igate the influence of coupled parameter $alpha$ on the evolutive behavior of $Om$ with respect to redshift $z$. According to the numerical result of $Om$, we get the current value of equation of state $omega_{sigma0}$=-0.952 which fits the WMAP5+BAO+SN very well.
Applying the parametrization of dark energy density, we can construct directly independent-model potentials. In Born-Infeld type phantom dark energy model, we consider four special parametrization equation of state parameter. The evolutive behavior o
f dark energy density with respect to red-shift $z$, potentials with respect to $phi$ and $z$ are shown mathematically. Moreover, we investigate the effect of parameter $eta$ upon the evolution of the constructed potential with respect to $z$. These results show that the evolutive behavior of constructed Born-Infeld type dark energy model is quite different from those of the other models.
In real world, individual rationality varies for the sake of the diversity of peoples individuality. In order to investigate how diversity of agents rationality affects the evolution of cooperation, we introduce the individual rationality proportiona
l to the $beta$th power of the each agents degree. Simulation results on heterogeneous scale-free network show that the dynamic process is greatly affected by the diversity of rationality. Both promotion and inhibition of cooperative behavior can be observed at different region of parameter $beta$. We present explanation to these results by quantitative and qualitative analysis. The nodes with middle degree value are found to play a critical role in the evolutionary processes. The inspiration from our work may provide us a deeper comprehension towards some social phenomenon.
Statefinder diagnostic is a useful method which can differ one dark energy model from the others. The Statefinder pair ${r, s}$ is algebraically related to the equation of state of dark energy and its first time derivative. We apply in this paper thi
s method to the dilaton dark energy model based on Weyl-Scaled induced gravitational theory. We investigate the effect of the coupling between matter and dilaton when the potential of dilaton field is taken as the Mexican hat form. We find that the evolving trajectory of our model in the $r-s$ diagram is quite different from those of other dark energy models.
Using a new method--statefinder diagnostic which can differ one dark energy model from the others, we investigate in this letter the dynamics of Born-Infeld(B-I) type dark energy model. The evolutive trajectory of B-I type dark energy with Mexican ha
t potential model with respect to $e-folding$ time $N$ is shown in the $r(s)$ diagram. When the parameter of noncanonical kinetic energy term $etato0$ or kinetic energy $dot{phi}^2to0$, B-I type dark energy(K-essence) model reduces to Quintessence model or $Lambda$CDM model corresponding to the statefinder pair ${r, s}$=${1, 0}$ respectively. As a result, the the evolutive trajectory of our model in the $r(s)$ diagram in Mexican hat potential is quite different from those of other dark energy models.
