We apply the Kolmogorov statistic to analyse the residual data of two LAGEOS satellites on General Relativistic Lense-Thirring effect, and show that it reveals a tiny difference in the properties of the satellites, possibly related to Yarkovsky-Rubin
cam effect. The recently launched LAser RElativity Satellite (LARES) can provide constraints to the extensions of General Relativity such as the Chern-Simons (CS) gravity with metric coupled to a scalar field through the Pontryagin density, so an explicit dependence on the frame dragging measurements vs the CS parameter is given.
Arrows of time - thermodynamical, cosmological, electromagnetic, quantum mechanical, psychological - are basic properties of Nature. For a quantum system-bath closed system the de-correlated initial conditions and no-memory (Markovian) dynamics are o
utlined as necessary conditions for the appearance of the thermodynamical arrow. The emergence of the arrow for the system evolving according to non-unitary dynamics due to the presence of the bath, then, is a result of limited observability, and we conjecture the arrow in the observable Universe as determined by the dark sector acting as a bath. The voids in the large scale matter distribution induce hyperbolicity of the null geodesics, with possible observational consequences.
According to General Relativity, as distinct from Newtonian gravity, motion under gravity is treated by a theory that deals, initially, only with test particles. At the same time, satellite measurements deal with extended bodies. We discuss the corre
spondence between geodesic motion in General Relativity and the motion of an extended body by means of the Ehlers-Geroch theorem, and in the context of the recently launched LAser RElativity Satellite (LARES). Being possibly the highest mean density orbiting body in the Solar system, this satellite provides the best realization of a test particle ever reached experimentally and provides a unique possibility for testing the predictions of General Relativity.
In arxiv:1108.5354 the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test and Kolmogorov stochasticity parameter (KSP) is applied to CMB data. Their interpretation of the KSP method, however, lacks essential elements. In addition, their main result on the Gaussianity of
CMB was not a matter of debate in previous KSP-CMB studies which also included predictions on cold spots, point sources.
When the electrons stored in the ring of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF, Grenoble) scatter on a laser beam (Compton scattering in flight) the lower energy of the scattered electron spectra, the Compton Edge (CE), is given by the tw
o body photon-electron relativistic kinematics and depends on the velocity of light. A precision measurement of the position of this CE as a function of the daily variations of the direction of the electron beam in an absolute reference frame provides a one-way test of Relativistic Kinematics and the isotropy of the velocity of light. The results of GRAAL-ESRF measurements improve the previously existing one-way limits, thus showing the efficiency of this method and the interest of further studies in this direction.
We study inhomogeneities in the distribution of the excursion sets in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature maps obtained by the three years survey of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). At temperature thresholds |T|<90 mu K,
the distributions of the excursion sets with over 200 pixels are concentrated in two regions, nearly at the antipodes, with galactic coordinates l= 94^circ.7, b= 34^circ.4 and l= 279^circ.8, b= -29^circ.2. The centers of these two regions drift towards the equator when the temperature threshold is increased. The centers are located close to one of the vectors of ell =3 multipole. The two patterns of the substructures in the distribution of the excursion sets are mirrored, with chi^2=0.7-1.5. There is no obvious origin of this effect in the noise structure of WMAP, and there is no evidence for a dependence on the galactic cut. Would this effect be cosmological, it could be an indication of an anomalously large component of horizon-size density perturbations, independent of one of the spatial coordinates, and/or of a non-trivial slab-like spatial topology of the Universe.
