It is shown that the presence of a vector doublet is suitable to address neutrino mass, dark matter, and the recent muon anomalous magnetic moment.
We present the features of the fully flipped 3-3-1-1 model and show that this model leads to dark matter candidates naturally. We study two dark matter scenarios corresponding to the triplet fermion and singlet scalar candidates, and we determine the
viable parameter regimes constrained from the observed relic density and direct detection experiments.
We show that the canonical seesaw mechanism implemented by the $U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge symmetry provides two-component dark matter naturally. The seesaw scale that breaks $B-L$ defines a residual gauge symmetry to be $Z_6=Z_2otimes Z_3$, where $Z_2$ leads
to the usual matter parity, while $Z_3$ is newly recognized, transforming quark fields nontrivially. The dark matter components -- that transform nontrivially under the matter parity and $Z_3$, respectively -- can gain arbitrary masses, despite the fact that the $Z_3$ dark matter may be heavier than the light quarks $u,d$. This dark matter setup can address the XENON1T anomaly recently observed and other observables, given that the dark matter masses are nearly degenerate, heavier than the electron and the $B-L$ gauge boson $Z$, as well as the fast-moving $Z_3$ dark matter has a large $B-L$ charge, while the $Z$ is viably below the beam dump experiment sensitive regime.
Flipping a symmetry often leads to a more fundamental symmetry and new physics insight. Applying this principle to the standard model electroweak symmetry, we obtain a novel gauge symmetry, which defines dark charge besides electric charge, neutrino
mass mechanism, and resultant dark parity as residual flipped symmetry. The dark parity divides the model particles into two classes: odd and even. The dark matter candidate transforms as a fermion or a scalar singlet, having a mass below the electron mass, being stabilized by the dark parity. Scenarios for consistent neutrino mass generation and dark matter relic are proposed. The nature and further implication of the flipping approach are determined.
The present matter content of our universe may be governed by a $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry -- the simplest gauge completion of the seesaw mechanism which produces small neutrino masses. The matter parity results as a residual gauge symmetry, implying dark
matter stability. The Higgs field that breaks the $B-L$ charge inflates the early universe successfully and then decays to right-handed neutrinos, which reheats the universe and generates both normal matter and dark matter manifestly.
We argue that neutrino mass and dark matter can arise from an approximate $B-L$ symmetry. This idea can be realized in a minimal setup of the flipped 3-3-1 model, which discriminates lepton families while keeping universal quark families and uses onl
y two scalar triplets in order for symmetry breaking and mass generation. This proposal contains naturally an approximate non-Abelian $B-L$ symmetry which consequently leads to an approximate matter parity. The approximate symmetries produce small neutrino masses in terms of type II and III seesaws and may make dark matter long lived. Additionally, dark matter candidate is either unified with the Higgs doublet by gauge symmetry or acted as an inert multiplet. The Peccei-Quinn symmetry is discussed. The gauge and scalar sectors are exactly diagonalized. The signals of the new physics at colliders are examined.
It is well established that the $SU(P)_L$ gauge symmetry for $Pgeq 3$ can address the question of fermion generation number due to the anomaly cancellation, but it neither commutes nor closes algebraically with electric and baryon-minus-lepton charge
s. Hence, two $U(1)$ factors that determine such charges are required, yielding a complete gauge symmetry, $SU(P)_Lotimes U(1)_Xotimes U(1)_N$, apart from the color group. The resulting theory manifestly provides neutrino mass, dark matter, inflation, and baryon asymmetry of the universe. Furthermore, this gauge structure may present kinetic mixing effects associated to the $U(1)$ gauge fields, which affect the electroweak precision test such as the $rho$ parameter and $Z$ couplings as well as the new physics processes. We will construct the model, examine the interplay between the kinetic mixing and those due to the symmetry breaking, and obtain the physical results in detail.
The simple 3-3-1 model that contains the minimal lepton and minimal scalar contents is detailedly studied. The impact of the inert scalars (i.e., the extra fundamental fields that provide realistic dark matter candidates) on the model is discussed. A
ll the interactions of the model are derived, in which the standard model ones are identified. We constrain the standard model like Higgs particle at the LHC. We search for the new particles including the inert ones, which contribute to the $B_s$-$bar{B}_s$ mixing, the rare $B_srightarrow mu^+mu^-$ decay, the CKM unitarity violation, as well as producing the dilepton, dijet, diboson, diphoton, and monojet final states at the LHC.
