The Kolmogorov-Arnold stochasticity parameter technique is applied for the first time to the study of cancer genome sequencing, to reveal mutations. Using data generated by next generation sequencing technologies, we have analyzed the exome sequences
of brain tumor patients with matched tumor and normal blood. We show that mutations contained in sequencing data can be revealed using this technique thus providing a new methodology for determining subsequences of given length containing mutations i.e. its value differs from those of subsequences without mutations. A potential application for this technique involves simplifying the procedure of finding segments with mutations, speeding up genomic research, and accelerating its implementation in clinical diagnostic. Moreover, the prediction of a mutation associated to a family of frequent mutations in numerous types of cancers based purely on the value of the Kolmogorov function, indicates that this applied marker may recognize genomic sequences that are in extremely low abundance and can be used in revealing new types of mutations.
We have constrained possible new interactions which produce nonrelativistic potentials between polarized neutrons and unpolarized matter proportional to $alphavec{sigma}cdotvec{v}$ where $vec{sigma}$ is the neutron spin and $vec{v}$ is the relative v
elocity. We use existing data from laboratory measurements on the very long $T_{1}$ and $T_{2}$ spin relaxation times of polarized $^{3}$He gas in glass cells.Using the best available measured $T_{2}$ of polarized $^{3}$He gas atoms as the polarized source and the earth as an unpolarized source, we obtain constraints on two new interactions. We present a new experimental upper bound on possible vector-axial-vector($V_{VA}$) type interactions for ranges between $1sim10^{8}$m. In combination with previous results, we set the most stringent experiment limits on $g_{V}g_{A}$ ranging from $simmu$m to $sim10^{8}$m. We also report what is to our knowledge the first experimental upper limit on the possible torsion fields induced by the earth on its surface. Dedicated experiments could further improve these bounds by a factor of $sim100$. Our method of analysis also makes it possible to probe many velocity dependent interactions which depend on the spins of both neutrons and other particles which have never been searched for before experimentally.
Lights wave-particle duality is at the heart of quantum mechanics and can be well illustrated by Wheelers delayed-choice experiment. The choice of inserting or removing the second classical (quantum) beam splitter in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer det
ermines the classical (quantum) wave-particle behaviors of a photon. In this paper, we report our experiment using the classical beam splitter to observe the simultaneous wave-particle behaviors in the wave-packet of a narrowband single photon. This observation suggests that it is necessary to generalize the current quantum wave-particle duality theory. Our experiment demonstrates that the produced wave-particle state can be considered an additional degree of freedom and can be utilized in encoding quantum information.
Planar, double-torsional oscillators are especially suitable for short-range macroscopic force search experiments, since they can be operated at the limit of instrumental thermal noise. As a study of this limit, we report a measurement of the noise k
inetic energy of a polycrystalline tungsten oscillator in thermal equilibrium at room temperature. The fluctuations of the oscillator in a high-Q torsional mode with a resonance frequency near 1 kHz are detected with capacitive transducers coupled to a sensitive differential amplifier. The electronic processing is calibrated by means of a known electrostatic force and input from a finite element model. The measured average kinetic energy is in agreement with the expected value of 1/2 kT.
We present a sample of 17 newly discovered ultracool dwarf candidates later than ~M8, drawn from 231.90 arcmin2 of {it Hubble Space Telescope} Wide Field Camera 3 infrared imaging. By comparing the observed number counts for 17.5<J_125<25.5 AB mag to
an exponential disk model, we estimate a vertical scale height of z_scl=290 +- 25 (random) +- 30 (systematic) pc for a binarity fraction of f_b=0. While our estimate is roughly consistent with published results, we suggest that the differences can be attributed to sample properties, with the present sample containing far more substellar objects than previous work. We predict the object counts should peak at J_{125}~24 AB mag due to the exponentially-declining number density at the edge of the disc. We conclude by arguing that trend in scale height with spectral type may breakdown for brown dwarfs since they do not settle onto the main sequence.
Geometric-phase-induced false electric dipole moment (EDM) signals, resulting from interference between magnetic field gradients and particle motion in electric fields, have been studied extensively in the literature, especially for neutron EDM exper
iments utilizing stored ultracold neutrons and co-magnetometer atoms. Previous studies have considered particle motion in the transverse plane perpendicular to the direction of the applied electric and magnetic fields. We show, via Monte Carlo studies, that motion along the field direction can impact the magnitude of this false EDM signal if the wall surfaces are rough such that the wall collisions can be modeled as diffuse, with the results dependent on the size of the storage cells dimension along the field direction.
