2D problems in groups

We investigate a conjecture about stabilisation of deficiency in finite index subgroups and relate it to the D2 Problem of C.T.C. Wall and the Relation Gap problem. We verify the pro-$p$ version of the conjecture, as well as its higher dimensional abstract analogues.

Uniform exponential growth for CAT(0) square complexes

In this paper we start the inquiry into proving uniform exponential growth in the context of groups acting on CAT(0) cube complexes. We address free group actions on CAT(0) square complexes and prove a more general statement. This says that if $F$ is a finite collection of hyperbolic automorphisms of a CAT(0) square complex $X$, then either there exists a pair of words of length at most 10 in $F$ which freely generate a free semigroup, or all elements of $F$ stabilize a flat (of dimension 1 or 2 in $X$). As a corollary, we obtain a lower bound for the growth constant, $sqrt[10]{2}$, which is uniform not just for a given group acting freely on a given CAT(0) cube complex, but for all groups which are not virtually abelian and have a free action on a CAT(0) square complex.

Ping pong on CAT(0) cube complexes

Let $G$ be a group acting properly and essentially on an irreducible, non-Euclidean finite dimensional CAT(0) cube complex $X$ without fixed points at infinity. We show that for any finite collection of simultaneously inessential subgroups ${H_1, ldots, H_k}$ in $G$, there exists an element $g$ of infinite order such that $forall i$, $langle H_i, grangle cong H_i * langle grangle$. We apply this to show that any group, acting faithfully and geometrically on a non-Euclidean possibly reducible CAT(0) cube complex, has property $P_{naive}$ i.e. given any finite list ${g_1, ldots, g_k}$ of elements from $G$, there exists $g$ of infinite order such that $forall i$, $langle g_i, grangle cong langle g_i rangle *langle grangle$. This applies in particular to the Burger-Moses simple groups that arise as lattices in products of trees. The arguments utilize the action of the group on its Poisson boundary and moreover, allow us to summarise equivalent conditions for the reduced $C^*$-algebra of the group to be simple.

On growth of homology torsion in amenable groups

Suppose an amenable group $G$ is acting freely on a simply connected simplicial complex $tilde X$ with compact quotient $X$. Fix $n geq 1$, assume $H_n(tilde X, mathbb{Z})=0$ and let $(H_i)$ be a Farber chain in $G$. We prove that the torsion of the integral homology in dimension $n$ of $tilde{X}/H_i$ grows subexponentially in $[G:H_i]$. By way of contrast, if $X$ is not compact, there are solvable groups of derived length 3 for which torsion in homology can grow faster than any given function.

Rigidity of Almost-Isometric Universal Covers

Almost-isometries are quasi-isometries with multiplicative constant one. Lifting a pair of metrics on a compact space gives quasi-isometric metrics on the universal cover. Under some additional hypotheses on the metrics, we show that there is no almost-isometry between the universal covers. We show that Riemannian manifolds which are almost-isometric have the same volume growth entropy. We establish various rigidity results as applications.

A non-LEA Sofic Group

We describe elementary examples of finitely presented sofic groups which are not residually amenable (and thus not initially subamenable or LEA, for short). We ask if an amalgam of two amenable groups over a finite subgroup is residually amenable and answer this positively for some special cases, including countable locally finite groups, residually nilpotent groups and others.

Rank gradient and cost of Artin groups and their relatives

We prove that the rank gradient vanishes for mapping class groups of genus bigger than 1, $Aut(F_n)$, for all $n$, $Out(F_n)$ for $n geq 3$, and any Artin group whose underlying graph is connected. These groups have fixed price 1. We compute the rank gradient and verify that it is equal to the first $L^2$-Betti number for some classes of Coxeter groups.

One Relator Quotients of Graph Products

In this paper, we generalise Magnus Freiheitssatz and solution to the word problem for one-relator groups by considering one relator quotients of certain classes of right-angled Artin groups and graph products of locally indicable polycyclic groups.

A Topological Splitting Theorem for Poincare Duality Groups and High-dimensional Manifolds

We show that for a wide class of manifold pairs N, M satisfying dim(M) = dim(N) + 1, every pi_1-injective map f : N --> M factorises up to homotopy as a finite cover of an embedding. This result, in the spirit of Waldhausens torus theorem, is derived using Cappells surgery methods from a new algebraic splitting theorem for Poincare duality groups. As an application we derive a new obstruction to the existence of pi_1-injective maps.

Some non-amenable groups

We generalize a result of R. Thomas to establish the non-vanishing of the first l2-Betti number for a class of finitely generated groups.