The relation between the mass of supermassive black holes located in the center of the host galaxies and the kinetic energy of random motions of the corresponding bulges can be reinterpreted as an age-temperature diagram for galaxies. This relation f
its the experimental data better than the M_bh-M_G, M_bh-L_G, and M_bh-sigma laws. The validity of this statement has been confirmed by using three samples extracted from different catalogues of galaxies. In the framework of the LambdaCDM cosmology our relation has been compared with the predictions of two galaxy formation models based on the Millennium Simulation.
We calculate the amplitude of the de Broglie gravitational waves using the standard Einstein General Relativity. We find that these waves disappear in the limit $hbar to 0$ and when their source has a large mass and volume. From the experimental poin
t of view, the knowledge of the amplitude allows to estimate the magnitude of the effect of the wave on a sphere of test particles. We propose also to measure a very special shift angle that does not change with time.
The Maxwell and Maxwell-de Rham equations can be solved exactly to first order in an external gravitational field. The gravitational background induces phases in the wave functions of spin-1 particles. These phases yield the optics of the particles without requiring any thin lens approximation.
