In this paper we use the notion of Grothendieck topology to present a unified way to approach representability in supergeometry, which applies to both the differential and algebraic settings.
Inspired by superstring field theory, we study differential, integral, and inverse forms and their mutual relations on a supermanifold from a sheaf-theoretical point of view. In particular, the formal distributional properties of integral forms are recovered in this scenario in a geometrical way. Further, we show how inverse forms extend the ordinary de Rham complex on a supermanifold, thus providing a mathematical foundation of the Large Hilbert Space used in superstrings. Last, we briefly discuss how the Hodge diamond of a supermanifold looks like, and we explicitly compute it for super Riemann surfaces.
We generalize a result of Orlov and Van den Bergh on the representability of a cohomological functor from the bounded derived category of a smooth projective variety over a field to the category of L-modules, to the case where L is a field extension of the base field k of the variety X, with L of transcendence degree less than or equal to one or L purely transcendental of degree 2. This result can be applied to investigate the behavior of an exact functor between the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves of X and Y, with X and Y smooth projective and Y of dimension less than or equal to one or Y a rational surface. We show that for any such F there exists a generic kernel A in the derived category of the product, such that F is isomorphic to the Fourier-Mukai transform with kernel A after composing both with the pullback to the generic point of Y.
We study which quadratic forms are representable as the local degree of a map $f : A^n to A^n$ with an isolated zero at $0$, following the work of Kass and Wickelgren who established the connection to the quadratic form of Eisenbud, Khimshiashvili, and Levine. Our main observation is that over some base fields $k$, not all quadratic forms are representable as a local degree. Empirically the local degree of a map $f : A^n to A^n$ has many hyperbolic summands, and we prove that in fact this is the case for local degrees of low rank. We establish a complete classification of the quadratic forms of rank at most $7$ that are representable as the local degree of a map over all base fields of characteristic different from $2$. The number of hyperbolic summands was also studied by Eisenbud and Levine, where they establish general bounds on the number of hyperbolic forms that must appear in a quadratic form that is representable as a local degree. Our proof method is elementary and constructive in the case of rank 5 local degrees, while the work of Eisenbud and Levine is more general. We provide further families of examples that verify that the bounds of Eisenbud and Levine are tight in several cases.
We prove various finiteness and representability results for flat cohomology of finite flat abelian group schemes. In particular, we show that if $f:Xrightarrow mathrm{Spec} (k)$ is a projective scheme over a field $k$ and $G$ is a finite flat abelian group scheme over $X$ then $R^if_*G$ is an algebraic space for all $i$. More generally, we study the derived pushforwards $R^if_*G$ for $f:Xrightarrow S$ a projective morphism and $G$ a finite flat abelian group scheme over $X$. We also develop a theory of compactly supported cohomology for finite flat abelian group schemes, describe cohomology in terms of the cotangent complex for group schemes of height $1$, and relate the Dieudonne modules of the group schemes $R^if_*mu _p$ to cohomology generalizing work of Illusie. A higher categorical version of our main representability results is also presented.
From a geometric point of view, Paulis exclusion principle defines a hypersimplex. This convex polytope describes the compatibility of $1$-fermion and $N$-fermion density matrices, therefore it coincides with the convex hull of the pure $N$-representable $1$-fermion density matrices. Consequently, the description of ground state physics through $1$-fermion density matrices may not necessitate the intricate pure state generalized Pauli constraints. In this article, we study the generalization of the $1$-body $N$-representability problem to ensemble states with fixed spectrum $mathbf{w}$, in order to describe finite-temperature states and distinctive mixtures of excited states. By employing ideas from convex analysis and combinatorics, we present a comprehensive solution to the corresponding convex relaxation, thus circumventing the complexity of generalized Pauli constraints. In particular, we adapt and further develop tools such as symmetric polytopes, sweep polytopes, and Gale order. For both fermions and bosons, generalized exclusion principles are discovered, which we determine for any number of particles and dimension of the $1$-particle Hilbert space. These exclusion principles are expressed as linear inequalities satisfying hierarchies determined by the non-zero entries of $mathbf{w}$. The two families of polytopes resulting from these inequalities are part of the new class of so-called lineup polytopes.