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Register a new userImproving Neural Language Processing with Named Entities
تحسين معالجة اللغة العصبية مع الكيانات المسماة
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أظهرت نماذج الشبكة العصبية المستندة إلى ما يحقظ أن عروض حديثة (SOTA) على مهام معالجة اللغة الطبيعية (NLP). تعد تمثيل الجملة الأكثر استخداما لأساليب NLP ذات الاستخدام العصبي سلسلة من الكلمات الفرعية المختلفة عن تمثيل الجملة من الأساليب غير العصبية التي يتم إنشاؤها باستخدام تقنيات NLP الأساسية، مثل العلامات على جزء من الكلام (POS)، اسمه الكيان (NE) الاعتراف، والتحليل. تتلقى معظم نماذج NLP ذات القائمة العصبية فقط ناقلات ترميزها من سلسلة من الكلمات الفرعية التي تم الحصول عليها من نص الإدخال. ومع ذلك، لا يمكن الحصول على معلومات NLP الأساسية، مثل علامات نقاط البيع، ونتائج NES، وتحليل النتائج، إلخ، بشكل صريح من النص الكبير غير المستخديم المستخدمة في النماذج المستندة إلى ما يحقظ. تستكشف هذه الورقة استخدام NES على مهمتين يابانيين؛ تصنيف المستندات والجيل الرئيسي باستخدام النماذج القائمة على المحولات، للكشف عن فعالية معلومات NLP الأساسية. تظهر النتائج التجريبية مع ثمانية NES أساسية وحوالي 200 نسمة موسعة أن NES يحسن الدقة على الرغم من استخدام نموذج كبير يستند إلى الاحتمالات المدربة باستخدام بيانات نصية 70 جيجابايت.
Pretraining-based neural network models have demonstrated state-of-the-art (SOTA) performances on natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The most frequently used sentence representation for neural-based NLP methods is a sequence of subwords that is different from the sentence representation of non-neural methods that are created using basic NLP technologies, such as part-of-speech (POS) tagging, named entity (NE) recognition, and parsing. Most neural-based NLP models receive only vectors encoded from a sequence of subwords obtained from an input text. However, basic NLP information, such as POS tags, NEs, parsing results, etc, cannot be obtained explicitly from only the large unlabeled text used in pretraining-based models. This paper explores use of NEs on two Japanese tasks; document classification and headline generation using Transformer-based models, to reveal the effectiveness of basic NLP information. The experimental results with eight basic NEs and approximately 200 extended NEs show that NEs improve accuracy although a large pretraining-based model trained using 70 GB text data was used.
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This article explores the potential for Natural Language Processing (NLP) to enable a more effective, prevention focused and less confrontational policing model that has hitherto been too resource consuming to implement at scale. Problem-Oriented Pol
icing (POP) is a potential replacement, at least in part, for traditional policing which adopts a reactive approach, relying heavily on the criminal justice system. By contrast, POP seeks to prevent crime by manipulating the underlying conditions that allow crimes to be committed. Identifying these underlying conditions requires a detailed understanding of crime events - tacit knowledge that is often held by police officers but which can be challenging to derive from structured police data. One potential source of insight exists in unstructured free text data commonly collected by police for the purposes of investigation or administration. Yet police agencies do not typically have the skills or resources to analyse these data at scale. In this article we argue that NLP offers the potential to unlock these unstructured data and by doing so allow police to implement more POP initiatives. However we caution that using NLP models without adequate knowledge may either allow or perpetuate bias within the data potentially leading to unfavourable outcomes.
In this paper, we present NEREL, a Russian dataset for named entity recognition and relation extraction. NEREL is significantly larger than existing Russian datasets: to date it contains 56K annotated named entities and 39K annotated relations. Its i
mportant difference from previous datasets is annotation of nested named entities, as well as relations within nested entities and at the discourse level. NEREL can facilitate development of novel models that can extract relations between nested named entities, as well as relations on both sentence and document levels. NEREL also contains the annotation of events involving named entities and their roles in the events. The NEREL collection is available via https://github.com/nerel-ds/NEREL.
Abstract Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental NLP task, commonly formulated as classification over a sequence of tokens. Morphologically rich languages (MRLs) pose a challenge to this basic formulation, as the boundaries of named entities
do not necessarily coincide with token boundaries, rather, they respect morphological boundaries. To address NER in MRLs we then need to answer two fundamental questions, namely, what are the basic units to be labeled, and how can these units be detected and classified in realistic settings (i.e., where no gold morphology is available). We empirically investigate these questions on a novel NER benchmark, with parallel token- level and morpheme-level NER annotations, which we develop for Modern Hebrew, a morphologically rich-and-ambiguous language. Our results show that explicitly modeling morphological boundaries leads to improved NER performance, and that a novel hybrid architecture, in which NER precedes and prunes morphological decomposition, greatly outperforms the standard pipeline, where morphological decomposition strictly precedes NER, setting a new performance bar for both Hebrew NER and Hebrew morphological decomposition tasks.
In this paper, we propose a controllable neural generation framework that can flexibly guide dialogue summarization with personal named entity planning. The conditional sequences are modulated to decide what types of information or what perspective t
o focus on when forming summaries to tackle the under-constrained problem in summarization tasks. This framework supports two types of use cases: (1) Comprehensive Perspective, which is a general-purpose case with no user-preference specified, considering summary points from all conversational interlocutors and all mentioned persons; (2) Focus Perspective, positioning the summary based on a user-specified personal named entity, which could be one of the interlocutors or one of the persons mentioned in the conversation. During training, we exploit occurrence planning of personal named entities and coreference information to improve temporal coherence and to minimize hallucination in neural generation. Experimental results show that our proposed framework generates fluent and factually consistent summaries under various planning controls using both objective metrics and human evaluations.
Multilingual neural machine translation models typically handle one source language at a time. However, prior work has shown that translating from multiple source languages improves translation quality. Different from existing approaches on multi-sou
rce translation that are limited to the test scenario where parallel source sentences from multiple languages are available at inference time, we propose to improve multilingual translation in a more common scenario by exploiting synthetic source sentences from auxiliary languages. We train our model on synthetic multi-source corpora and apply random masking to enable flexible inference with single-source or bi-source inputs. Extensive experiments on Chinese/English-Japanese and a large-scale multilingual translation benchmark show that our model outperforms the multilingual baseline significantly by up to +4.0 BLEU with the largest improvements on low-resource or distant language pairs.
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