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Register a new userFour-Generation Low Energy Supersymmetry with a Light Top Quark
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A supersymmetric model with four generations is proposed, in which the top quark is approximately degenerate in mass with the $W^{pm}$ gauge boson, $m_tsimeq m_W$, leading to values of $R_b$ in better agreement with the present experimental data than in the Standard Model. The model shares many of the good features of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM), such as the unification of gauge and Yukawa couplings at a common high-energy scale. The model differs from the MSSM by re-interpreting the Tevatron ``top-quark events as the production of the fourth generation quark $tpri$, which decays dominantly to $bW^+$. The top quark decays primarily into supersymmetric particles, $trtawidetilde twidetildechi^0_1$, with $widetilde trta cwidetildechi^0_1$, thereby evading previous searches. Light supersymmetric particles are predicted to lie in the mass range between 25 and 70 GeV, which together with the fourth generation leptons provide a rich spectrum of new physics which can be probed at LEP-2 and the Tevatron.
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We stress that the lack of direct evidence for supersymmetry forces the soft mass parameters to lie very close to the critical line separating the broken and unbroken phases of the electroweak gauge symmetry. We argue that the level of criticality, or fine-tuning, that is needed to escape the present collider bounds can be quantitatively accounted for by assuming that the overall scale of the soft terms is an environmental quantity. Under fairly general assumptions, vacuum-selection considerations force a little hierarchy in the ratio between m_Z^2 and the supersymmetric particle square masses, with a most probable value equal to a one-loop factor.
We explore constraints on various new physics resonances from four top-quark production based on current experimental data. Both light and heavy resonances are studied in the work. A comparison of full width effect and narrow width approximation is also made.
We study the production and decays of top squarks (stops) at the Tevatron collider in models of low-energy supersymmetry breaking. We consider the case where the lightest Standard Model (SM) superpartner is a light neutralino that predominantly decays into a photon and a light gravitino. Considering the lighter stop to be the next-to-lightest Standard Model superpartner, we analyze stop signatures associated with jets, photons and missing energy, which lead to signals naturally larger than the associated SM backgrounds. We consider both 2-body and 3-body decays of the top squarks and show that the reach of the Tevatron can be significantly larger than that expected within either the standard supergravity models or models of low-energy supersymmetry breaking in which the stop is the lightest SM superpartner. For a modest projection of the final Tevatron luminosity, L = 4 fb-1, stop masses of order 300 GeV are accessible at the Tevatron collider in both 2-body and 3-body decay modes. We also consider the production and decay of ten degenerate squarks that are the supersymmetric partners of the five light quarks. In this case we find that common squark masses up to 360 GeV are easily accessible at the Tevatron collider, and that the reach increases further if the gluino is light.
A recent cosmological bound on the gravitino mass, $m_{3/2}<4.7$ eV, together with LHC results on the Higgs mass and direct searches, excludes minimal gauge mediation with high reheating temperatures. We discuss a minimal, vector-mediated model which incorporates the seesaw mechanism for neutrino masses, allows for thermal leptogenesis, ameliorates the $mu$ problem, and achieves the observed Higgs mass and a gravitino as light as $1$-$2$ eV.
An introduction to the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is given. The motivation for ``low-energy supersymmetry is reviewed, and the structure of the MSSM is outlined. In its most general form, the MSSM can be viewed as a low-energy effective theory parametrized by a set of arbitrary soft-supersymmetry-breaking parameters. A variety of techniques for reducing the parameter freedom of the MSSM are surveyed. The search for supersymmetry below and above the threshold for supersymmetric particle production presents a challenging task for experimentalists at present and future colliders.
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