No Arabic abstract
Mermin-Wagner-Coleman theorem predicts no long-range magnetic order at finite temperature in the two-dimensional (2D) isotropic systems, but a quasi-long-range order with a divergent correlation length at the Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) transition for planar magnets. As a representative of two-dimensional planar antiferromagnets, single-layer CoPS3 carries the promise of monolayer antiferromagnetic platforms for the ultimately thin spintronics. Here, with the aid of magnetostriction which is sensitive to the local magnetic order, we observe the signatured phonon mode splitting of below TKT in monolayer CoPS3, revealing the presence of quasi-long-range ordering in XY-type antiferromagnet. Moreover, the ratio (J/J) between the interlayer and intralayer interactions, which characterizes the 2D behaviors, is evaluated to be around 0.03 for the first time. Our results provide an efficient method to detect the quasi-long-range antiferromagnetic ordering in the two-dimensional magnets down to monolayer limit.
We study the electronic structure of an ordered array of poly(para-phenylene) chains produced by surface-catalyzed dehalogenative polymerization of 1,4-dibromobenzene on copper (110). The quantization of unoccupied molecular states is measured as a function of oligomer length by scanning tunneling spectroscopy, with Fermi level crossings observed for chains longer than ten phenyl rings. Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy reveals a graphene-like quasi one-dimensional valence band as well as a direct gap of 1.15 eV, as the conduction band is partially filled through adsorption on the surface. Tight-binding modelling and ab initio density functional theory calculations lead to a full description of the organic band-structure, including the k dispersion, the gap size and electron charge transfer mechanisms which drive the system into metallic behaviour. Therefore the entire band structure of a carbon-based conducting wire has been fully determined. This may be taken as a fingerprint of {pi}-conjugation of surface organic frameworks.
We report a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the magnetic structure of the honeycomb lattice magnet Na$_2$IrO$_3$, a strong candidate for a realization of a gapless spin-liquid. Using resonant x-ray magnetic scattering at the Ir L$_3$-edge, we find 3D long range antiferromagnetic order below T$_N$=13.3 K. From the azimuthal dependence of the magnetic Bragg peak, the ordered moment is determined to be predominantly along the {it a}-axis. Combining the experimental data with first principles calculations, we propose that the most likely spin structure is a novel zig-zag structure.
How a certain ground state of complex physical systems emerges, especially in two-dimensional materials, is a fundamental question in condensed-matter physics. A particularly interesting case is systems belonging to the class of XY Hamiltonian where the magnetic order parameter of conventional nature is unstable in two-dimensional materials leading to a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Here, we report how the XXZ-type antiferromagnetic order of a magnetic van der Waals material, NiPS3, behaves upon reducing the thickness and ultimately becomes unstable in the monolayer limit. Our experimental data are consistent with the findings based on renormalization group theory that at low temperatures a two-dimensional XXZ system behaves like a two-dimensional XY one, which cannot have a long-range order at finite temperatures. This work provides experimental examination of the XY magnetism in the atomically thin limit and opens new opportunities of exploiting these fundamental theorems of magnetism using magnetic van der Waals materials.
While it is often assumed that the orbital transport is short-ranged due to strong crystal field potential and orbital quenching, we show that orbital propagation can be remarkably long-ranged in ferromagnets. In contrast to spin transport, which exhibits an oscillatory decaying behavior by spin dephasing, the injected orbital angular momentum does not oscillate and decays slowly. This unusual feature is attributed to nearly degenerate states in $mathbf{k}$-space, which form hot-spots for the intrinsic orbital response. We demonstrate this in a bilayer consisting of a nonmagnet and a ferromagnet, where the orbital Hall current is injected from a nonmagnet into a ferromagnet. Interaction of the orbital Hall current with the magnetization in the ferromagnet results in an intrinsic response of the orbital angular momentum which propagates far beyond the spin dephasing length. This gives rise to a distinct type of orbital torque on the magnetization, increasing with the thickness of the ferromagnet. Such behavior may serve as critical long-sought evidence of orbital transport to be directly tested in experiments. Our findings open the possibility of using long-range orbital transport in orbitronic device applications.
In the topological semimetals, electrons in the vicinity of the Weyl or Dirac nodes behave like massless relativistic fermions that are of interest both for basic research and future electronic applications. Thus far, a detection of these Dirac or Weyl quasiparticles in topological semimetals is often elusive since in these materials, conventional charge carriers exist as well. Here, considering a prototype topological Weyl semimetal TaAs as an example, we show that when the massless quasiparticles reach the ultra-quantum limit in high magnetic fields, the magnetostriction of the semimetal is appreciably produced by the relativistic fermions. This field-induced expansion measured along the [001] direction exhibits a weak dependence on the magnetic-field orientation and is in striking contrast to the magnetostriction measured along the [100] axis. The latter quantity experiences immense changes from large positive to large negative values with minute deviations of the applied field from the [001] direction. Employing a rigid-band approximation, we work out a theory of the magnetostriction for the Weyl semimetals and point out the features of this thermodynamic probe that can serve as hallmarks of the Weyl quasiparticles. Using the theory, we quantitatively describe a part of the obtained experimental data and find a number of the parameters characterizing this material. The derived dependence of the Fermi level on the magnetic field should be also relevant to understanding some other field-dependent properties of TaAs, in particular, the negative longitudinal magnetoresistance. Our results illustrate how a magnetostriction may be used to unveil Weyl fermions in topological semimetals with a noncetrosymmetric crystal structure.