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Authors
Tarek Sayed Ahmed
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Let $alpha$ be an arbritary ordinal, and $2<n<omega$. In cite{3} accepted for publication in Quaestiones Mathematicae, we studied using algebraic logic, interpolation, amalgamation using $alpha$ many variables for topological logic with $alpha$ many variables briefly $sf TopL_{alpha}$. This is a sequel to cite{3}; the second part on modal cylindric algebras, where we study algebraically other properties of $sf TopL_{alpha}$. Modal cylindric algebras are cylindric algebras of infinite dimension expanded with unary modalities inheriting their semantics from a unimodal logic $sf L$ such as $sf K5$ or $sf S4$. Using the methodology of algebraic logic, we study topological (when $sf L=S4$), in symbols $sf TCA_{alpha}$. We study completeness and omitting types $sf OTT$s for $sf TopL_{omega}$ and $sf TenL_{omega}$, by proving several representability results for locally finite such algebras. Furthermore, we study the notion of atom-canonicity for both ${sf TCA}_{n}$ and ${sf TenL}_n$, a well known persistence property in modal logic, in connection to $sf OTT$ for ${sf TopL}_n$ and ${sf TeLCA}_n$, respectively. We study representability, omitting types, interpolation and complexity isssues (such as undecidability) for topological cylindric algebras. In a sequel to this paper, we introduce temporal cyindric algebras and point out the way how to amalgamate algebras of space (topological algebars) and algebras of time (temporal algebras) forming topological-temporal cylindric algebras that lend themselves to encompassing spacetime gemetries, in a purely algebraic manner.
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For any pair of ordinals $alpha<beta$, $sf CA_alpha$ denotes the class of cylindric algebras of dimension $alpha$, $sf RCA_{alpha}$ denote the class of representable $sf CA_alpha$s and $sf Nr_alpha CA_beta$ ($sf Ra CA_beta)$ denotes the class of $alpha$-neat reducts (relation algebra reducts) of $sf CA_beta$. We show that any class $sf K$ such that $sf RaCA_omega subseteq sf Ksubseteq RaCA_5$, $sf K$ is not elementary, i.e not definable in first order logic. Let $2<n<omega$. It is also shown that any class $sf K$ such that $sf Nr_nCA_omega cap {sf CRCA}_nsubseteq {sf K}subseteq mathbf{S}_csf Nr_nCA_{n+3}$, where $sf CRCA_n$ is the class of completely representable $sf CA_n$s, and $mathbf{S}_c$ denotes the operation of forming complete subalgebras, is proved not to be elementary. Finally, we show that any class $sf K$ such that $mathbf{S}_dsf Ra CA_omega subseteq {sf K}subseteq mathbf{S}_csf RaCA_5$ is not elementary. It remains to be seen whether there exist elementary classes between $sf RaCA_omega$ and $mathbf{S}_dsf RCA_{omega}$. In particular, for $mgeq n+3$, the classes $sf Nr_nCA_m$, $sf CRCA_n$, $mathbf{S}_dsf Nr_nCA_m$, where $mathbf{S}_d$ is the operation of forming dense subalgebras are not first order definable.
In this paper, we give new proofs of the celebrated Andreka-Resek-Thompson representability results of certain axiomatized cylindric-like algebras. Such representability results provide completeness theorems for variants of first order logic, that can also be viewed as multi-modal logics. The proofs herein are combinatorial and we also use some techniques from game theory.
Let $2<n<mleq omega$. Let $CA_n$ denote the class of cylindric algebras of dimension $n$ and $RCA_n$ denote the class of representable $CA_n$s. We say that $Ain RCA_n$ is representable up to $m$ if $CmAtA$ has an $m$-square representation. An $m$ square represenation is locally relativized represenation that is classical locally only on so called $m$-squares. Roughly if we zoom in by a movable window to an $m$ square representation, there will become a point determinded and depending on $m$ where we mistake the $m$ square-representation for a genuine classical one. When we zoom out the non-representable part gets more exposed. For $2<n<m<lleq omega$, an $l$ square represenation is $m$-square; the converse however is not true. The variety $RCA_n$ is a limiting case coinciding with $CA_n$s having $omega$-square representations. Let $RCA_n^m$ be the class of algebras representable up to $m$. We show that $RCA_n^{m+1}subsetneq bold RCA_n^m$ for $mgeq n+2$.
Most existing natural language database interfaces (NLDBs) were designed to be used with database systems that provide very limited facilities for manipulating time-dependent data, and they do not support adequately temporal linguistic mechanisms (verb tenses, temporal adverbials, temporal subordinate clauses, etc.). The database community is becoming increasingly interested in temporal database systems, that are intended to store and manipulate in a principled manner information not only about the present, but also about the past and future. When interfacing to temporal databases, supporting temporal linguistic mechanisms becomes crucial. We present a framework for constructing natural language interfaces for temporal databases (NLTDBs), that draws on research in tense and aspect theories, temporal logics, and temporal databases. The framework consists of a temporal intermediate representation language, called TOP, an HPSG grammar that maps a wide range of questions involving temporal mechanisms to appropriate TOP expressions, and a provably correct method for translating from TOP to TSQL2, TSQL2 being a recently proposed temporal extension of the SQL database language. This framework was employed to implement a prototype NLTDB using ALE and Prolog.
We establish a topological duality for bounded lattices. The two main features of our duality are that it generalizes Stone duality for bounded distributive lattices, and that the morphisms on either side are not the standard ones. A positive consequence of the choice of morphisms is that those on the topological side are functional. Towards obtaining the topological duality, we develop a universal construction which associates to an arbitrary lattice two distributive lattice envelopes with a Galois connection between them. This is a modification of a construction of the injective hull of a semilattice by Bruns and Lakser, adjusting their concept of admissibility to the finitary case. Finally, we show that the dual spaces of the distributive envelopes of a lattice coincide with completions of quasi-uniform spaces naturally associated with the lattice, thus giving a precise spatial meaning to the distributive envelopes.
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