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Register a new userChallenges in Search on Streaming Services: Netflix Case Study
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Added by
Sudeep Das
Publication date
2019
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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We discuss salient challenges of building a search experience for a streaming media service such as Netflix. We provide an overview of the role of recommendations within the search context to aid content discovery and support searches for unavailable (out-of-catalog) entities. We also stress the importance of keystroke-level instant search experience, and the technical challenges associated with implementing it across different devices and languages for a global audience.
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Personalized recommendations on the Netflix Homepage are based on a users viewing habits and the behavior of similar users. These recommendations, organized for efficient browsing, enable users to discover the next great video to watch and enjoy without additional input or an explicit expression of their intents or goals. The Netflix Search experience, on the other hand, allows users to take active control of discovering new videos by explicitly expressing their entertainment needs via search queries. In this talk, we discuss the importance of producing search results that go beyond traditional keyword-matches to effectively satisfy users search needs in the Netflix entertainment setting. Motivated by users various search intents, we highlight the necessity to improve Search by applying approaches that have historically powered the Homepage. Specifically, we discuss our approach to leverage recommendations in the context of Search and to effectively organize search results to provide a product experience that meaningfully adds value for our users.
Information overload is a prevalent challenge in many high-value domains. A prominent case in point is the explosion of the biomedical literature on COVID-19, which swelled to hundreds of thousands of papers in a matter of months. In general, biomedical literature expands by two papers every minute, totalling over a million new papers every year. Search in the biomedical realm, and many other vertical domains is challenging due to the scarcity of direct supervision from click logs. Self-supervised learning has emerged as a promising direction to overcome the annotation bottleneck. We propose a general approach for vertical search based on domain-specific pretraining and present a case study for the biomedical domain. Despite being substantially simpler and not using any relevance labels for training or development, our method performs comparably or better than the best systems in the official TREC-COVID evaluation, a COVID-related biomedical search competition. Using distributed computing in modern cloud infrastructure, our system can scale to tens of millions of articles on PubMed and has been deployed as Microsoft Biomedical Search, a new search experience for biomedical literature: https://aka.ms/biomedsearch.
Deep learning based recommender systems (DLRSs) often have embedding layers, which are utilized to lessen the dimensionality of categorical variables (e.g. user/item identifiers) and meaningfully transform them in the low-dimensional space. The majority of existing DLRSs empirically pre-define a fixed and unified dimension for all user/item embeddings. It is evident from recent researches that different embedding sizes are highly desired for different users/items according to their popularity. However, manually selecting embedding sizes in recommender systems can be very challenging due to the large number of users/items and the dynamic nature of their popularity. Thus, in this paper, we propose an AutoML based end-to-end framework (AutoEmb), which can enable various embedding dimensions according to the popularity in an automated and dynamic manner. To be specific, we first enhance a typical DLRS to allow various embedding dimensions; then we propose an end-to-end differentiable framework that can automatically select different embedding dimensions according to user/item popularity; finally we propose an AutoML based optimization algorithm in a streaming recommendation setting. The experimental results based on widely used benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the AutoEmb framework.
Many geoportals such as ArcGIS Online are established with the goal of improving geospatial data reusability and achieving intelligent knowledge discovery. However, according to previous research, most of the existing geoportals adopt Lucene-based techniques to achieve their core search functionality, which has a limited ability to capture the users search intentions. To better understand a users search intention, query expansion can be used to enrich the users query by adding semantically similar terms. In the context of geoportals and geographic information retrieval, we advocate the idea of semantically enriching a users query from both geospatial and thematic perspectives. In the geospatial aspect, we propose to enrich a query by using both place partonomy and distance decay. In terms of the thematic aspect, concept expansion and embedding-based document similarity are used to infer the implicit information hidden in a users query. This semantic query expansion 1 2 G. Mai et al. framework is implemented as a semantically-enriched search engine using ArcGIS Online as a case study. A benchmark dataset is constructed to evaluate the proposed framework. Our evaluation results show that the proposed semantic query expansion framework is very effective in capturing a users search intention and significantly outperforms a well-established baseline-Lucenes practical scoring function-with more than 3.0 increments in DCG@K (K=3,5,10).
In product search, users tend to browse results on multiple search result pages (SERPs) (e.g., for queries on clothing and shoes) before deciding which item to purchase. Users clicks can be considered as implicit feedback which indicates their preferences and used to re-rank subsequent SERPs. Relevance feedback (RF) techniques are usually involved to deal with such scenarios. However, these methods are designed for document retrieval, where relevance is the most important criterion. In contrast, product search engines need to retrieve items that are not only relevant but also satisfactory in terms of customers preferences. Personalization based on users purchase history has been shown to be effective in product search. However, this method captures users long-term interest, which does not always align with their short-term interest, and does not benefit customers with little or no purchase history. In this paper, we study RF techniques based on both long-term and short-term context dependencies in multi-page product search. We also propose an end-to-end context-aware embedding model which can capture both types of context. Our experimental results show that short-term context leads to much better performance compared with long-term and no context. Moreover, our proposed model is more effective than state-of-art word-based RF models.
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