No Arabic abstract
The area of quality of service (QoS) in communications networks has been the target of research for already several decades with tens of thousands of published journal and conference papers. However, the practical introduction of QoS systems in commercial networks has been limited (with a preference for simple overprovisioning). Despite this dissonance, most influential QoS papers do not discuss this lack of penetration or challenge any of the common assumptions used to argue for QoS systems. So far, the few critical QoS papers have had only a minor effect on QoS research and standardization. Therefore, there is a serious risk that QoS will remain an academic research topic without significant practical relevance. To help elucidate these issues, in this work, we first perform a comprehensive review of QoS including a general overview and an analysis of both influential and critical work from the past 30 years. We examine properties such as citations, keywords, and author traits to show that QoS has passed through several distinct phases with different topics while maintaining the overall attitude towards the role and objective of QoS systems. We then discuss QoS as a social phenomenon and in the context of current networking standards. Finally, we propose a QoS scheme based on incentives that avoids some of the problems identified in critical work, and we provide simple recommendations for network operators. Overall, we hope to spark the community to take a fresh look at QoS.
In wireless communication systems, Quality of Service (QoS) is one of the most important issues from both the users and operators point of view. All the parameters related to QoS are not same important for all users and applications. The satisfaction level of different users also does not depend on same QoS parameters. In this paper, we discuss the QoS parameters and then propose a priority order of QoS parameters based on protocol layers and service applications. We present the relation among the QoS parameters those influence the performance of other QoS parameters and, finally, we demonstrate the numerical analysis results for our proposed soft-QoS scheme to reduce the dropped call rate which is the most important QoS parameter for all types of services
The goal of domain generalization algorithms is to predict well on distributions different from those seen during training. While a myriad of domain generalization algorithms exist, inconsistencies in experimental conditions -- datasets, architectures, and model selection criteria -- render fair and realistic comparisons difficult. In this paper, we are interested in understanding how useful domain generalization algorithms are in realistic settings. As a first step, we realize that model selection is non-trivial for domain generalization tasks. Contrary to prior work, we argue that domain generalization algorithms without a model selection strategy should be regarded as incomplete. Next, we implement DomainBed, a testbed for domain generalization including seven multi-domain datasets, nine baseline algorithms, and three model selection criteria. We conduct extensive experiments using DomainBed and find that, when carefully implemented, empirical risk minimization shows state-of-the-art performance across all datasets. Looking forward, we hope that the release of DomainBed, along with contributions from fellow researchers, will streamline reproducible and rigorous research in domain generalization.
Technical advances in ubiquitous sensing, embedded computing, and wireless communication are leading to a new generation of engineered systems called cyber-physical systems (CPS). CPS promises to transform the way we interact with the physical world just as the Internet transformed how we interact with one another. Before this vision becomes a reality, however, a large number of challenges have to be addressed. Network quality of service (QoS) management in this new realm is among those issues that deserve extensive research efforts. It is envisioned that wireless sensor/actuator networks (WSANs) will play an essential role in CPS. This paper examines the main characteristics of WSANs and the requirements of QoS provisioning in the context of cyber-physical computing. Several research topics and challenges are identified. As a sample solution, a feedback scheduling framework is proposed to tackle some of the identified challenges. A simple example is also presented that illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
We revisit the long-standing problem of providing network QoS to applications, and propose the concept of judicious QoS -- combining the cheaper, best effort IP service with the cloud, which offers a highly reliable infrastructure and the ability to add in-network services, albeit at higher cost. Our proposed J-QoS framework offers a range of reliability services with different cost vs. delay trade-offs, including: i) a forwarding service that forwards packets over the cloud overlay, ii) a caching service, which stores packets inside the cloud and allows them to be pulled in case of packet loss or disruption on the Internet, and iii) a novel coding service that provides the least expensive packet recovery option by combining packets of multiple application streams and sending a small number of coded packets across the more expensive cloud paths. We demonstrate the feasibility of these services using measurements from RIPE Atlas and a live deployment on PlanetLab. We also consider case studies on how J-QoS works with services up and down the network stack, including Skype video conferencing, TCP-based web transfers, and cellular access networks.
The vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) based on dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) is a distributed communication system, in which all the nodes share the wireless channel with carrier sense multiple access/collision avoid (CSMA/CA) protocol. However, the backoff mechanism of CSMA/CA in the channel contention might cause uncertain transmission delay and impede a certain quality of service (QoS) of applications. Moreover, there still exists a possibility of parlous data-packets collision, especially for broadcast or non-acknowledgement (NACK) transmissions. The original contributions of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) Model the packets collision probability of broadcast or NACK transmission in VANET with the combination theory and investigate the potential influence of miss my packets (MMP) problem. (2) Based on the software define vehicular network (SDVN) framework and QoS requirement, a novel link-level scheduling strategy, which determines the start-sending time for each connection, is proposed to maximize packets delivery ratio (PDR). Alternatively, maximizing PDR has been converted to the overlap minimization among transmission durations. (3) Meanwhile, an innovative transmission scheduling greedy search (TSGS) algorithm is originally proposed to mitigate computational complexity. Extensive simulations have been done in a unified platform Veins combining SUMO and OMNET++. And numerous results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the PDR by at least 15%, enhance the collision-avoidance performance by almost 40%, and reduce the MMP ratio by about 3% compared with the random transmitting, meanwhile meet the QoS requirement.