We investigate beam scanning by lateral feed displacement in novel metasurface based reflector antennas with extremely short focal distances. Electric field distributions of the waves reflected from the antenna are studied numerically and experimentally for defocusing angles up to 24 degree. The results show that despite their sub-wavelength focal distances, the scanning ability of metamirrors is similar to that of short-focus reflectarrays (focal distance about several wavelengths). In addition to offering a possibility to realize extremely small focal distances, metamirror antennas are practically penetrable and invisible for any radiation outside of the operating frequency range.
The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is employed to solve the three dimensional Maxwell equation for the situation of near-field microscopy using a sub-wavelength aperture. Experimental result on unexpected high spatial resolution is reproduced by our computer simulation.
A nanoparticle detection scheme with single particle resolution is presented. The sensor contains only a taper fiber thus offering the advantages of compactness and installation flexibility. Sensing method is based on monitoring the transmitted light power which shows abrupt jumps with each particle binding to the taper surface. The experimental validation of the sensor is demonstrated with polystyrene nanoparticles of radii 120 nm and 175 nm in the 1550 nm wavelength band.
We report an experimental demonstration of sub-wavelength interference without correlation. Typically, people can achieve sub-wavelength effect with correlation measurement no matter by using bi-photon or thermal light sources. Here we adopt a thermal light source. And we count the realizations in which the intensities of the definite symmetric points are above or below a certain threshold. The distribution of numbers of these realizations who satisfy the restriction will show a sub-wavelength effect. With proper constrictions, positive and negative interference patterns are demonstrated.
We theoretically investigate second harmonic generation in extremely narrow, sub-wavelength semiconductor and dielectric waveguides. We discuss a novel guiding mechanism characterized by the inhibition of diffraction and the suppression of cut-off limits in the context of a light trapping phenomenon that sets in under conditions of general phase and group velocity mismatch between the fundamental and the generated harmonic.
The diffractive nature of light has limited optics and photonics to operate at scales much larger than the wavelength of light. The major challenge in scaling-down integrated photonics is how to mold the light flow below diffraction-limit in all three dimensions. A high index solid immersion lens can improve the spatial resolution by increasing the medium refractive index, but only to few times higher than in air. Photonic crystals can guide light in three dimensions, however, the guided beam width is around a wavelength. Surface plasmons has a potential to reach the sub-wavelength scales; nevertheless, it is confined in the two-dimensional interface between metals and dielectrics. Here, we present a new approach for molding the light flow at the deep sub-wavelength scale, using metamaterials with uniquely designed dispersion. We develop a design methodology for realizing sub-wavelength ray optics, and demonstrate lambda/10 width light beams flow through three-dimensional space.