The Burst Observer and Optical Transient Exploring System (BOOTES) is a network of telescopes that allows the continuous monitoring of transient astrophysical sources. It was originally devoted to the study of the optical emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that occur in the Universe. In this paper we show the initial results obtained using the spectrograph COLORES (mounted on BOOTES-2), when observing compact objects of diverse nature.
The Burst Observer and Optical Transient Exploring System (BOOTES) is a network of telescopes that allows the continuous monitoring of transient astrophysical sources. It was originally devoted to the study of the optical emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that occur in the Universe. In this paper we show the initial results obtained using the spectrograph COLORES (mounted on BOOTES-2), when observing optical transients (OTs) of diverse nature.
Most violent and energetic processes in our universe, including mergers of compact objects, explosions of massive stars and extreme accretion events, produce copious amounts of X-rays. X-ray follow-up is an efficient tool for identifying transients because (1) X-rays can quickly localize transients with large error circles, and (2) X-rays reveal the nature of transients that may not have unique signatures at other wavelengths. In this white paper, we identify key science questions about several extragalactic multi-messenger and multi-wavelength transients, and demonstrate how X-ray follow-up helps answer these questions
In many theoretical models of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows, the emission of photons above 100 GeV is predicted. The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on-board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has detected delayed, high-energy emission (up to 90 GeV in the burst rest-frame) from several GRBs and no evidence of a high-energy spectral cutoff during the early afterglow phase of the burst has been found. Presented here are the results of follow-up observations with VERITAS, a ground-based telescope array sensitive to gamma-rays above 100 GeV, of GRBs detected by the Fermi and Swift satellites. These observations have not yielded a conclusive detection and the upper limits on very high energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray flux obtained from these observations are among the most constraining to date.
We present deep Swift follow-up observations of a sample of 94 unidentified X-ray sources from the XMM-Newton Slew Survey. The X-ray Telescope on-board Swift detected 29% of the sample sources; the flux limits for undetected sources suggests the bulk of the Slew Survey sources are drawn from one or more transient populations. We report revised X-ray positions for the XRT-detected sources, with typical uncertainties of 2.9, reducing the number of catalogued optical matches to just a single source in most cases. We characterise the sources detected by Swift through their X-ray spectra and variability and via UVOT photometry and catalogued nIR, optical and radio observations. Six sources can be associated with known objects and 8 may be associated with unidentified ROSAT sources within the 3-sigma error radii of our revised X-ray positions. We find 10 of the 30 XRT-detected sources are clearly stellar in nature, including one periodic variable star and 2 high proper motion stars. For 11 sources we propose an AGN classification, among which 4 are detected with BAT and 3 have redshifts spanning z = 0.2 - 0.9 obtained from the literature or from optical spectroscopy presented here. The 67 Slew Survey sources we do not detect with Swift are studied via their characteristics in the Slew Survey and by comparison with the XRT and BAT detected population. We suggest that these are mostly if not all extragalactic, though unlikely to be highly absorbed sources in the X-rays such as Compton thick AGN. A large number of these are highly variable soft X-ray sources. A small fraction of mainly hard-band detections may be spurious. This follow-up programme brings us a step further to completing the identifications of a substantial sample of XMM-Newton Slew Survey sources, important for understanding the nature of the transient sky and allowing flux-limited samples to be constructed.
We present the most recent results from our investigation on Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients, a class of High-Mass X-ray Binaries, with a possible counterpart in the gamma-ray energy band. Since 2007 Swift has contributed to this new field by detecting outbursts from these fast transients with the BAT and by following them for days with the XRT. Thus, we demonstrated that while the brightest phase of the outburst only lasts a few hours, further activity is observed at lower fluxes for a remarkably longer time, up to weeks. Furthermore, we have performed several campaigns of intense monitoring with the XRT, assessing the fraction of the time these sources spend in each phase, and their duty cycle of inactivity.
M. D. Caballero-Garcia
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(2015)
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"Follow-up of X-ray transients detected by SWIFT with COLORES using the BOOTES network"
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Maria D. Caballero-Garcia Dr
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