No Arabic abstract
We report the systematic studies of spin current transport and relaxation mechanism in highly doped organic polymer film. In this study, we have determined spin diffusion length (SDL), spin lifetime, and spin diffusion constant by using different experimental techniques. The spin lifetime estimated from the electron paramagnetic resonance experiment is much shorter than the previous expectation beyond the experimental ambiguity. This suggests that significantly large spin diffusion constant, which is reasonably explained by the hopping transport mechanism in degenerate semiconductors, exists in highly doped organic semiconductors. The calculated SDL using the spin lifetime and spin diffusion constant estimated from our experiment is comparable to the experimentally obtained SDL of the order of one hundred nanometers. Moreover, the present study revealed that the spin angular momentum is almost preserved in the hopping events. In other words, the spin relaxation mainly occurs due to the spin-orbit coupling at the nanoscale crystalline grains.
We report a surprisingly long spin relaxation time of electrons in Mn-doped p-GaAs. The spin relaxation time scales with the optical pumping and increases from 12 ns in the dark to 160 ns upon saturation. This behavior is associated with the difference in spin relaxation rates of electrons precessing in the fluctuating fields of ionized or neutral Mn acceptors, respectively. For the latter the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between a Mn ion and a bound hole results in a partial compensation of these fluctuating fields, leading to the enhanced spin memory.
We analyze spin-dependent carrier dynamics due to incoherent electron-phonon scattering, which is commonly referred to as Elliott-Yafet (EY) spin-relaxation mechanism. For this mechanism one usually distinguishes two contributions: (1) from the electrostatic interaction together with spin-mixing in the wave functions, which is often called the Elliott contribution, and (2) the phonon-modulated spin-orbit interaction, which is often called the Yafet or Overhauser contribution. By computing the reduced electronic density matrix, we improve Yafets original calculation, which is not valid for pronounced spin mixing as it equates the pseudo-spin polarization with the spin polarization. The important novel quantity in our calculation is a torque operator that determines the spin dynamics. The contribution (1) to this torque vanishes exactly. From this general result, we derive a modified expression for the Elliott-Yafet spin relaxation time.
The design of large-scale electronic circuits that are entirely spintronics-driven requires a current source that is highly spin-polarised at and beyond room temperature, cheap to build, efficient at the nanoscale and straightforward to integrate with semiconductors. Yet despite research within several subfields spanning nearly two decades, this key building block is still lacking. We experimentally and theoretically show how the interface between Co and phthalocyanine molecules constitutes a promising candidate. Spin-polarised direct and inverse photoemission experiments reveal a high degree of spin polarisation at room temperature at this interface. We measured a magnetic moment on the moleculess nitrogen pi orbitals, which substantiates an ab-initio theoretical description of highly spin-polarised charge conduction across the interface due to differing spinterface formation mechanims in each spin channel. We propose, through this example, a recipe to engineer simple organic-inorganic interfaces with remarkable spintronic properties that can endure well above room temperature.
High degree of preservation of spin states during energy relaxation processes mediated by optical phonons is demonstrated in a single quantum dot. Optical-phonon resonance and relevant suppression of spin relaxation are clearly identified as dip structures in photoluminescence excitation spectra probed by the positive trion emission. The absence of continuum states makes this observation possible under the cross-circularly polarized detection with respect to a circularly polarized pumping. Consequently, distinguishably high degree of circular polarization up to ~0.85 is achieved without applying external magnetic field at the optical-phonon resonance. Rate equation analysis reveals that the spin-flip probability during energy relaxation is restricted to less than 7.5%. It is also indicated that the spin flip time of the positive trion ground state is extended by more than 3 times compared with that of neutral exciton ground state. This corresponds to the spin flip time longer than 11 ns for the positive trion ground state. The influence of nuclear polarization to the present measurements is also discussed.
The objective of this work is to study the role of shear on the rupture of ultrathin polymer films. To do so, a finite-difference numerical scheme for the resolution of the thin film equation was set up taking into account capillary and van der Waals (vdW) forces. This method was validated by comparing the dynamics obtained from an initial harmonic perturbation to established theoretical predictions. With the addition of shear, three regimes have then been evidenced as a function of the shear rate. In the case of low shear rates the rupture is delayed when compared to the no-shear problem, while at higher shear rates it is even suppressed: the perturbed interface goes back to its unperturbed state over time. In between these two limiting regimes, a transient one in which shear and vdW forces balance each other, leading to a non-monotonic temporal evolution of the perturbed interface, has been identified. While a linear analysis is sufficient to describe the rupture time in the absence of shear, the nonlinearities appear to be essential otherwise.