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Register a new userStatus and perspectives for $bar PANDA$ at FAIR
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Elisabetta Prencipe
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The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is an international accelerator facility which will use antiprotons and ions to perform research in the fields of nuclear, hadron and particle physics, atomic and anti-matter physics, high density plasma physics and applications in condensed matter physics, biology and the bio-medical sciences. It is located at Darmstadt (Germany) and it is under construction. Among all projects in development at FAIR in this moment, this report focuses on the $bar PANDA$ experiment (antiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt). Some topics from the Charm and Charmonium physics program of the $bar PANDA$ experiment will be highlighted, where $bar PANDA$ is expected to provide first measurements and original contributions, such as the measurement of the width of very narrow states and the measurements of high spin particles, nowaday undetected. The technique to measure the width of these very narrow states will be presented, and a general overview of the machine is provided.
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The $bar PANDA$ experiment at FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt (Germany) is designed for $bar p p$ annihilation studies and it will investigate fundamental questions of hadron and nuclear physics in interactions of antiprotons with nucleons and nuclei. Gluonic excitations and the physics of hadrons with strange and charm quarks will be accessible with unprecedented accuracy, thereby allowing high precision tests of the strong interactions. In particular, the $D_{s0}^*(2317)^+$ and $D_{s1}(2460)^+$ are still of high interest 11 years after their discovery, because they can not be simply understood in term of potential models. The available statistics and resolution of the past experiments did not allow to clarify their nature. Recently LHCb at CERN has made progresses in this respect, but still not at the level of precision required in order to clarify the puzzle of the $cs$-spectrum. $bar PANDA$ will be able to achieve a factor 20 higher mass resolution than attained at the B-factories, which is expected to be decisive on these and second-order open questions. The technique to evaluate the width from the excitation function of the cross section of the $D_s$ mesons will be presented, and ongoing simulations performed with $PandaRoot$ will be shown.
The standard model and Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) have undergone rigorous tests at distances much shorter than the size of a nucleon. Up to now, the predicted phenomena are reproduced rather well. However, at distances comparable to the size of a nucleon, new experimental results keep appearing which cannot be described consistently by effective theories based on QCD. The physics of strange and charmed quarks holds the potential to connect the two energy domains, interpolating between the limiting scales of QCD. This is the regime which will be explored using the future Antiproton Annihilations at Darmstadt (PANDA) experiment at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). In this contribution some of the most relevant physics topics are detailed; and the reason why PANDA is the ideal detector to study them is given. Precision studies of hadron formation in the charmonium region will greatly advance our understanding of hadronic structure. It may reveal particles beyond the two and three-quark configuration, some of which are predicted to have exotic quantum numbers in that mass region. It will deepen the understanding of the charmonium spectrum, where unpredicted states have been found recently by the B-factories. To date the structure of the nucleon, in terms of parton distributions, has been mainly investigated using scattering experiments. Complementary information will be acquired measuring electro-magnetic final states at PANDA.
Simulation results for future measurements of electromagnetic proton form factors at PANDA (FAIR) within the PandaRoot software framework are reported. The statistical precision with which the proton form factors can be determined is estimated. The signal channel $bar p p to e^+ e^-$ is studied on the basis of two different but consistent procedures. The suppression of the main background channel, $textit{i.e.}$ $bar p p to pi^+ pi^-$, is studied. Furthermore, the background versus signal efficiency, statistical and systematical uncertainties on the extracted proton form factors are evaluated using two different procedures. The results are consistent with those of a previous simulation study using an older, simplified framework. However, a slightly better precision is achieved in the PandaRoot study in a large range of momentum transfer, assuming the nominal beam conditions and detector performance.
In the neutral B meson system, it is possible to measure the CKM angle alpha using the decay mode b -> u ubar d in the presence of pollution from gluonic b -> d penguin decays. Here the recent status of the measurements of CP-violating asymmetry parameters using time-dependent analyses in B -> pi+pi- and B -> rho pi decays and the perspectives of a sin2alpha measurement are presented.
The PANDA detector at the international accelerator Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Europe (FAIR) addresses fundamental questions of hadron physics. An excellent hadronic particle identification (PID) will be accomplished by two DIRC (Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light) counters in the target spectrometer. The design for the barrel region covering polar angles between 22 deg. to 140 deg. is based on the successful BABAR DIRC with several key improvements, such as fast photon timing and a compact imaging region. The novel Endcap Disc DIRC will cover the smaller forward angles between 5 deg. (10 deg.) to 22 deg. in the vertical (horizontal) direction. Both DIRC counters will use lifetime-enhanced microchannel plate PMTs for photon detection in combination with fast readout electronics. Geant4 simulations and tests with several prototypes at various beam facilities have been used to evaluate the designs and validate the expected PID performance of both PANDA DIRC counters.
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